Pictures from Google Image Search

Bernardino Ramazzini

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Bernardino Ramazzini , 1633-1717, Italian physician. He was professor at Modena (1682-1700) and at Padua until 1714. He is often called the father of industrial medicine, and his De Morbis Artificium was the first systematic exposition of occupational disease. Ramazzini saw the relationship between various metals and the symptoms of metallic poisoning that developed in the artisans who worked with them, and he recognized that paints were a factor in the poisoning of painters. He also made studies of diseases in other occupations (e.g., lung diseases of miners, eye conditions of printers). Although most physicians of that period prescribed cinchona bark (the source of quinine) for every type of fever, Ramazzini opposed such indiscriminate use of the drug and correctly reserved it for the treatment of malarial attacks only. He was also an epidemiologist; he described several plagues that occurred in his region.

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

  • MLA
  • Chicago
  • APA

"Bernardino Ramazzini." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Jul. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Bernardino Ramazzini." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (July 10, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Ramazzin.html

"Bernardino Ramazzini." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved July 10, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Ramazzin.html

Learn more about citation styles

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

(Including press releases, facts, information, and biographies)

Application of summary procedure by agreement: a proposal to expedite litigation.(Florida)
Magazine article from: Florida Bar Journal; 2/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...different procedure. If there is a difference between the time period prescribed in a rule and in this section, this section governs. Two...states that [i]f there is a difference between the time period prescribed by these rules and section 51.011, Florida Statutes, the... Read more
Third-party access to infrastructure: the case of the Mt Newman rail line in the Pilbara.
Magazine article from: Economic Papers - Economic Society of Australia; 12/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...Council assesses requests for declaration against these criteria on an individual case basis and within the four-month period prescribed in s.44GA of the TPA. Following its investigations, it makes a recommendation to the relevant Minister, who can decide... Read more
Comments relating to the treatment of transaction costs required to be capitalized under section 263.
Magazine article from: Tax Executive; 7/1/2007; 700+ words ; ...amounts required to be capitalized in acquisition transactions should be eligible for the 15-year safe-harbor amortization period prescribed by Treas. Reg. [section] 1.167(a)-3. In Notice 2004-18, the IRS and the Treasury Department acknowledge continuing controversy... Read more
Exempt or non-exempt? That is the question.(OVERTIME COMPENSATION)
Magazine article from: San Diego Business Journal; 3/1/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...penalties. Waiting-time penalties accrue when the employer failed to pay the employee all wages due within a specific time period prescribed by law. Such penalties can be, and usually are, calculated based on the employee's salary for up to the equivalent of thirty... Read more
Protesters stop lap dancing club.
Newspaper article from: Sunderland Echo (Pennywell, England); 7/26/2008; 394 words ; ...Courts of Justice. It stated: No request to reconsider the decision at a hearing has been lodged by the claimant within the period prescribed by the civil procedure rules, rule 54.12(4). Accordingly, I write to inform you that the file in these matters has been... Read more
Unsettled business. (Whispers).(Janet Price sues Community Financial Group Inc., Joseph W. Park)(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Arkansas Business; 4/22/2002; 332 words ; ...quickly informed him there was no need for their review. It's unclear why all this couldn't be accomplished during the 21-day period prescribed by the ADR settlement agreement. In any case, Park said he would be delivering a check for the full settlement amount to... Read more
The fourth time's a charm: new temporary section 355(e) regulations provide helpful guidance to taxpayers.(anti-Morris Trust provision)(Internal Revenue Code)
Magazine article from: Tax Executive; 5/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...regulations, except that the 2001 temporary regulations reserved section 1.355-7(e)(6) (suspending the running of any time period prescribed in the regulations during which there is a substantial diminution of risk of loss under the principles of section 355(d... Read more
Executive Order 13337--Issuance of Permits with Respect to Certain Energy-Related Facilities and Land Transportation Crossings on the International Boundaries of the United States: April 30, 2004.(Week Ending Friday, May 7, 2004)
Newspaper article from: Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents; 5/10/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...additional information and the date such additional information is received shall not be counted in calculating the time period prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section. (e) The Secretary of State may also consult with such State, tribal, and local government... Read more
Our son seems to get a lot of ear infections. Will he grow out of them?(Ask Doctor Cory)
Magazine article from: Humpty Dumpty's Magazine; 3/1/1998; ; 391 words ; ...effective in treating ear infections. When a child is taking an antibiotic, it is important for him to take it for the full period prescribed. There may be times when your child feels better and you are tempted to stop giving the antibiotic, but don't! The bacteria... Read more

Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses

Bernardino Ramazzini
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography Bernardino Ramazzini The understanding of occupational...1700, when the Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini (1633-1714) wrote Diseases of Workers...father of occupational medicine. Bernardino Ramazzini was born October 4, 1633, in Carpi... Read more
Ramazzini, Bernardino
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Public Health RAMAZZINI, BERNARDINO An Italian physician and philosopher, Bernardino Ramazzini (1633 – 1714) graduated with...occupational diseases, and for this achievement Ramazzini is remembered as the father of occupational... Read more

Find thousands of answers for hundreds of subjects at Smart QandA.

All answers verified by trusted sources at Encyclopedia.com

Try Smart QandA now!

For students and teachers!

Encyclopedia.com provides students and teachers facts, information, and biographies from verified, citable sources, including:

Encyclopedia.com provides students and teachers facts, information, and biographies from verified, citable sources, including: