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Petrokrepost

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition

Petrokrepost , formerly Schlüsselburg , town and fortress, NW European Russia, E of St. Petersburg. The town, the terminus of a railroad and of the lateral canals on Lake Ladoga, has shipbuilding and repair yards. Opposite the town, on an island in Lake Ladoga, stands the fortress, which dominates the lake's access from the Neva River. Built in 1323 by the republic of Novgorod and at first called Oreshek, the fortress fell to Sweden in 1611 and was renamed Noteborg. Peter I captured it from the Swedes in 1702, during the Northern War, and named it Schlüsselburg [Ger.,=key fortress], envisioning it as the major link in Russia's line of defense to the Baltic Sea. The following year he founded St. Petersburg on the Baltic. The fortress soon lost its military significance and was used until the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution as a prison for high-ranking persons (including several members of the imperial family) and for political prisoners. In 1928 it was converted into a museum. Schlüsselburg fell (1941) to the Germans during World War II; its recapture (1943) by Russian forces opened the land route to besieged Leningrad (St. Petersburg). The name Petrokrepost [Rus.,=Peter's fortress] was adopted in 1944.

Author not available, PETROKREPOST., The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008


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Schlüsselburg
Schlüsselburg see Petrokrepost , Russia. Author not available, SCHLÜSSELBURG. , The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008 Read more
Shlissel'burg
...Leningrad/Russia Oreshek, Nöteburg, Schlüsselburg, Petrokrepost' Both the first two Russian and Swedish names mean ‘...and January 1944, the German language name was changed to Petrokrepost′ ‘Peter's Fortress' from krepost ’... Read more
Lake Ladoga
...coming from Lake Ilmen. The main outlet is the Neva, which flows W into the Gulf of Finland at St. Petersburg. The fortress at Petrokrepost commands the Neva's exit from the lake. Among the many islands in the northern part of the lake is Valaam (Finnish Valama... Read more
Saint Petersburg
...Leningrad in 1924. During World War II, the city was cut off from the rest of the USSR by the fall of Schlüsselburg (now Petrokrepost ) to the Germans (Aug., 1941). It was besieged for over two years, during which many hundreds of thousands died of famine... Read more

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