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Joseph Nicéphore Niepce

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | 553 words | Copyright

Joseph Nicéphore Niepce , 1765–1833, French chemist who originated a process of photography (see photography, still ). In 1826 he produced the first known photograph, which he called a heliograph, using bitumen of Judea (a form of asphalt) on on a pewter plate. From 1829 he worked with Louis Daguerre , who perfected the process after the death of Niepce. A nephew, Claude Felix Abel Niepce de Saint-Victor, 1805–70, also a chemist, was the first to use albumen in photography and also produced photographic engravings on steel.

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