Muscovy Company
Muscovy Company or Russia Company, first major English joint-stock trading company. It began in 1553 as a group supporting exploration of a possible northeast passage to Asia. An expedition under Richard Chancellor reached the White Sea, and Chancellor himself continued overland to Moscow. The company was chartered in 1555, with a monopoly on the newly opened Russian trade, and between 1562 and 1579 it financed expeditions to establish overland trade routes to Persia. In 1646, English merchants were excluded from Russia, but trade reopened on the restoration (1660) of Charles II, and the company was reorganized as a regulated company. It lost its monopoly, long a subject of political opposition, in 1698 but continued in existence until 1917.
Bibliography: See T. S. Willan, The Early History of the Russia Company (1956, repr. 1968).
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The Great Wall; China's major tourist attraction is 4,000 miles of awe-inspiring architecture
Newspaper article from: Concord Monitor; 3/11/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...This truly is a great wall," Richard Nixon...quintessential icon of China in the '70s...Great Wall of China that had been...clock and the wall is clogged with...complete, the Great Wall of China...haven't seen China until you've...
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Walking the Wall China's greatest monument stretches for thousands of miles, and traverses some of the country's most majestic landscapes. But as Bruce Holmes discovers, it only takes a few days to get its measure
Newspaper article from: The Sunday Telegraph London; 12/9/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...through the cornfields of northern China and cast our eyes upward towards...the answer. As we stand upon the Great Wall of China and pause for breath, Ken Collins...village, we sense something of rural China. Donkeys graze lazily, an old...
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America at the Great Wall. (China) (editorial)
Magazine article from: U.S. News & World Report; 3/12/1990; ; 700+ words
; ...of the world. A weak China drifting away from America...power requires a strong China with close ties to the...our attitude. Indeed, great as our differences may...June, they were much greater in that period of euphoria...revolution." The Great Wall of China may be cracked, ...
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The great online wall: China tries to regulate Internet news content from within and outside its borders. (THE ONLINE FRONTIER).(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: American Journalism Review; 11/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...controlling information published in China, its crusade to keep foreign...proxy servers set up outside China that disguise the identity of...Despite these cracks in the wall, the psychological point is...consensus are incomplete. And China's admission to the World Trade...Chinese have a history of ...
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BOOKCASE: The writing on the wall: China and the west in the 21st century
Newspaper article from: New Zealand Management; 6/1/2007; ; 613 words
; ...consequences. The Writing on the Wall is a masterful, if sometimes...of popular mythology, China carries deep within its...world stage. Not least of China's problems is the widening...of issues surrounding China's weak enterprise system...Underneath the tension lies a greater truth," writes ...
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Lovell, Julia. The Great Wall; China against the world, 1000 BC-AD 2000.(Young adult review)(Brief article)(Book review)
Magazine article from: Kliatt; 5/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; LOVELL, Julia. The Great Wall; China against the world, 1000 BC-AD 2000...growing power's borders to understand China's history, Lovell provides some...contradictory evaluations and predictions about China's future: some urging us to follow...
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Breaking the wall: China and the Three Gorges Dam.
Magazine article from: Harvard International Review; 6/22/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...instrumental step toward the completion of China's Three Gorges Dam, slated to...feat to the construction of the Great Wall of China and the pyramids of the Pharaohs...is to be built near the center of China, where a valley in the Yangtze...
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Some great ball by the Great Wall ; China revelation for Emmanuel
Newspaper article from: The Boston Globe; 1/16/2008; ; 685 words
; ...eager fans in Guangzhou, China. They knew they were playing...exhibition wins against the best China had to offer. In the end...level games, and also as a great educational and global...was climbing the Great Wall of China as a team," said senior...
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 "The Economist (US)")
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One less brick in the wall; China and the press.
Magazine article from: The Economist (US); 1/20/2007; 700+ words
; ...emblazoned with a picture of the Great Wall. China's most famous architectural...cover-ups that have blighted China's response to SARS and avian...that the Olympics would force China into greater openness. Those, like this...
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Ruiz fight hits wall; China will not host match with Holyfield.(Sports)
Newspaper article from: The Boston Herald; 10/3/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...not going to be fighting in China after all. Representatives of Great Wall Promotions traveled to New...there, effectively scuttling China as the site. "In the currently...24 fight. "Nothing against China," Greenburg said. "We just...
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Great Wall of China
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Great Wall of China fortifications, c...long, winding across N China from Gansu prov. to...the Yellow Sea. The wall, running mostly along...was erected to protect China from northern nomads...amalgamation of many walls built in ancient times...
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China, U.S. Military Involvement in
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to American Military History
...5,000 American soldiers and Marines in China. The Japanese Army seized Manchuria in 1931 and invaded China south of the Great Wall in 1937. As conditions in China worsened, the U.S. Army's 15th Infantry...
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China
Encyclopedia entry from: Worldmark Encyclopedia of National Economies
...partially surrounded by walls that were built in the...POPULATION. The population of China was estimated at 1,262...study conducted by the China State Statistics Bureau...2040s. The population of China consists of 56 ethnic...up 8.1 percent. The great majority, 68 percent...
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wall
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...masonry, or concrete wall to stop the natural flow...create power. The defensive walls of a city or other political division (see Great Wall of China ) are frequently two or...the gateways. Notable walls of antiquity were those...
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China National Cereals, Oils and Foodstuffs Import and Export Corporation (COFCO)
Book article from: International Directory of Company Histories
...Nei Avenue Beijing 100005 China Telephone: +86 10 6526...Grocery Merchant Wholesalers China National Cereals, Oils...Corporation (COFCO), is one of China's state-owned foodstuffs...through its market-leading Great Wall brand. Yet COFCO has diversified...
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