Gaonim
Gaonim [Heb.,=excellencies], title given to the heads of the Jewish academies at Sura and Pumbedita in Babylonia immediately following the period of the Saboraim until the middle of the 11th cent. Thereafter the title was adopted by the heads of the Palestinian academies; later it was used as an honorific title to indicate a great scholar. The Gaonim asserted the primacy of the Babylonian Talmud over the Palestinian Talmud and contributed to the standardization of Jewish law and liturgy. The greatest Gaon at Sura was Saadia ben Joseph al-Fayumi . Of those who held office at Pumbedita, Sherira Gaon (968-98) and his son Hai Gaon (998-1038) are most notable. Under Sherira the waning prestige of the Babylonian academies was restored, and it was maintained by Hai until his death. Thereafter European Jewry came to play an ever more dominant role in Jewish life.
Bibliography: See J. Neusner, There We Sat Down (1972).
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
|
GURU Energy Drink Evolves With Social Media in an Online-Only Advertising Campaign.
PR Newswire; 6/3/2009; 700+ words
; ...Channels NEW YORK, June 3 /PRNewswire/ -- GURU Beverage Co., a developer and distributor...creation and branding agency in New York, GURU's viral video rush features a group of lively friends stimulated by GURU and caught in playful acts of deviance...
|
|
|
GURU Energy Drink Announces Collaboration With Kanye West.
PR Newswire; 4/8/2009; 700+ words
; ...Campaign NEW YORK, April 8 /PRNewswire/ -- GURU Beverage Co., a developer and distributor of...by his own personal artistic vision. A fan of GURU since 2007, Mr. West discovered GURU on the streets of New York City and was intrigued...
|
|
|
GURU Launches Into Whole Foods Market With New Flavors, Size and Design.
PR Newswire; 11/13/2008; 700+ words
; NEW YORK, Nov. 13 /PRNewswire/ -- GURU, the ground-breaking line of 100% Natural...organic foods retailer will carry the new GURU line exclusively until 2009. (Photo...20081113/NY46171 ) The newly redesigned GURU can contains more energy than the original...
|
|
Guru Analysis Examines Stock Strategies .(BUSINESS)
Newspaper article from: San Francisco Chronicle; 12/13/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...ve come up with Guru Analysis, a program...strategies of my favorite gurus, representing different...interpretation of each guru's stock-picking style. The real gurus aren't making...value-oriented gurus in growth stocks or a momentum guru to care about value...
|
|
Guru.com Extends Macromedia Membership Benefits; Guru.com Now Offers Services to More Than 1 Million Macromedia Members.
Business Wire; 7/18/2000; 700+ words
; ...membership program. Guru.com's signature services for gurus, "Create a Profile...About Guru.com Guru.com is the premier...consultants and freelancers (gurus) with contract projects...essential services. Guru.com is the largest...
|
|
|
Guru.com Unveils the Guru Shop to Assist Freelance Professionals in Growing Their Micro-Businesses.
Business Wire; 7/11/2000; 700+ words
; ...and consultants. The Guru Shop, located at http://www.guru.com/commerce/shop/, is designed to offer gurus products, equipment...founder and co-CEO of Guru.com. "We took their...service that offers gurus access to the products...
|
|
Guru Teg Bahadur stayed here
News Wire article from: The Hindustan Times; 11/29/2006; 700+ words
; ...golden words and deeds of the 'gurus' who sacrificed their lives to...sanctified venue where the ninth guru of Sikhs, Guru Teg Bahadur, spent six months and...preserve the holy presence of the Guru eternally. As such, this Gurudwara...
|
|
|
Guru Worldwide Announces Leaders in Recruiting, Technology and Assessment Join The Guru Advisory Board.
PR Newswire; 6/24/2002; 700+ words
; SAN FRANCISCO -- Guru Worldwide Inc., the world's most powerful...resource, today announced the launch of the Guru Advisory Board, composed of human capital...luminaries. The Advisory Board will advise Guru's leadership team on strategic business...
|
|
|
Guru.com Offers Most Qualified Talent Available On the Web; Alliance with PreScreen America Gives Hirers an Edge in Finding Most Talented Freelancers and Consultants.
Business Wire; 5/24/2000; 700+ words
; ...hiring company using Guru.com now has the...screening potential gurus through PreScreen...About Guru.com Guru.com is the premier...and freelancers (gurus) with contract projects...more than 175,000 gurus and 19,000 hiring companies, Guru.com has the largest...
|
|
|
Guru.com Announces the First Annual Guru Awards; Po Bronson and Eric Hellweg are Among Distinguished Panel of Judges at Event.
Business Wire; 4/13/2000; 700+ words
; ...party, the First Annual Guru Awards will bring together gurus from such diverse areas...own personal profile on Guru.com's site. "Gurus are among the most dynamic...community to design the Guru Awards trophy. Gurus are asked to submit ideas...
|
|
Hoodoo Gurus
Book article from: Contemporary Musicians
Hoodoo Gurus Rock group For the Record … Darlings...the Australian-based group the Hoodoo Gurus have delighted scores of fans with their...amusing musical observations of the Hoodoo Gurus, but their witty and clever tunes failed...
|
|
Guru
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology
...America and Europe, the guru concept underwent a change...Indian religious life, the guru-chela (teacher-pupil...exercises. And although many gurus (for example, Satya...prayers, while other Hindu gurus like Swami Muktananda...concept of the family type guru, rather like a local...
|
|
|
Maharaj Ji, Guru (1957-)
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Occultism and Parapsychology
Maharaj Ji, Guru (1957-) Teacher in the Sant Mat tradition...formerly known as the Divine Light Mission). Guru Maharaj Ji, a title rather than a name...prodigy, assumed control of the movement as Guru Maharaj Ji. On a visit to the United States...
|
|
Quality Gurus
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Management
Quality Gurus PHILIP CROSBY (1926 – 2001...group of contributors known as the Quality Gurus. These are Dr. W. Edwards Deming, Dr...Dr. H. James Harrington. The Quality Gurus have all had a significant impact on the...
|
|
guru yoga
Book article from: A Dictionary of Buddhism
guru yoga (Skt.). A devotional meditative practice...see Tibet ) in which one's root teacher or guru is identified as the quintessence of all Buddhas...student then forms an identification with the guru by meditating on his own and the guru's...
|
