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Research topic:Cytoxan

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Cytoxan

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition

Cytoxan , trade name for the drug cyclophosphamide, used to inhibit growth of tumors and rapidly proliferating cells. It is used in the treatment of leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and lymphosarcoma and other solid tumors. A drug of great specificity, Cytoxan is activated in the body by the enzymes in certain types of tumors. Because it is also activated in such tissues as blood plasma and liver, it is a highly toxic substance. Nevertheless, it is a potent and useful chemotherapeutic agent.


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The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press

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Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses

Cyclophosphamide
...anticancer (antineoplastic) agent. It also acts as a suppressor of the immune system. It is available under the brand names Cytoxan and Neosar. Purpose Cyclophosphamide is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat several forms of cancer... Read more
chemotherapy
...substances differentially affect biochemical reactions in different tissues; thus antimetabolites such as methotrexate and Cytoxan are more toxic to rapidly proliferating cells such as those associated with cancer than to normal cells. Other drugs act in... Read more
polycythemia
...polycythemia is treated by radiation, periodic removal of some blood (phlebotomy), or chemotherapy with antimetabolite drugs, e.g., Cytoxan . In secondary polycythemia, or erythrocytosis, the proliferation of red blood cells results from the body's attempt to compensate... Read more
immunosuppressive drug
...transplanted human kidneys. Most substances that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, such as nitrogen mustard , cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan ), chloramphenicol , actinomycin , and colchicine , are not widely used clinically because they are too toxic. Many of the... Read more
Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone
...vinblastine , vinorelbine and other vinca alkaloids (Oncovin, Velban, Navelbine) Cyclophosphamide , ifosfamide , melphalan and other nitrogen mustards (Cytoxan, Ifex, Alkeran) Cisplatin (Platinol-AQ) Levamisole (Ergamisol) Drugs used to treat the effects Read more

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