Christian IV
From: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
|
Date: 2008
Christian IV 1577-1648, king of Denmark and Norway (1588-1648), son and successor of Frederick II. After assuming (1596) personal rule from a regency, he concentrated on building the navy, industry, and commerce. He rebuilt Oslo and renamed it Christiania. Aroused when Charles IX of Sweden asserted authority over Lapland, he made war on Sweden (the so-called Kalmar War, 1611-13) and largely dictated the peace. In the Thirty Years War , urged on by England, France, and the Netherlands, he invaded (1625) Germany to defend Protestantism. Defeated (1626) by Tilly at Lutter, he was driven back in 1627. Schleswig, Holstein, and Jutland were overrun and plundered; Stralsund was besieged by the imperial troops under Wallenstein . Christian, with the help of Gustavus II of Sweden, raised the siege of Stralsund, but in 1629 he signed with Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand II a separate peace that was lenient to Denmark. His anti-Swedish policy brought on a war with Sweden (1643-45) in which Christian lost the Norwegian provinces of Jamtland and Harjedalen. His son Frederick III succeeded him.
Author not available, CHRISTIAN IV.,
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
For permission to reuse this article, contact Copyright Clearance Center.
Related articles from HighBeam Research:
|
HIGH SCHOOL SPOTLIGHT: TINY OAKS CHRISTIAN IS THINKING BIG BOYS' TEAM BECOMING A DIV. IV POWERHOUSE
Los Angeles Daily News; 4/12/2005; Erik Boal\ Special to the Daily News; 859 words;
... accomplishments of two- time Daily News Girls' Swimmer of the Year Brett Shiflett, Oaks Christian High of Westlake Village ... season's Southern Section Div. IV final. In less than four ... Viejo Invitational, Oaks Christian demonstrated its growth by ... but very strong," said Oaks Christian ...
|
&type=1 "Daily News (Los Angeles, CA)")
|
HIGH SCHOOL SPOTLIGHT: TINY OAKS CHRISTIAN IS THINKING BIG BOYS' TEAM BECOMING A DIV. IV POWERHOUSE.(Sports)
Daily News (Los Angeles, CA); 4/12/2005; 901 words;
... Boal Special to the Daily News For an aquatics program ... Year Brett Shiflett, Oaks Christian High of Westlake Village ... season's Southern Section Div. IV final. In less than four ... Viejo Invitational, Oaks Christian demonstrated its growth ... very strong,'' said Oaks Christian coach Dave ...
|
|
|
SO. SECTION DIVISION IV-A: THIS TIME, OAKS CHRISTIAN GOES OUT LIKE LIONS --THE LIONS OF WESTLAKE VILLAGE GO ON A 10-0 RUN LATE IN THE FOURTH QUARTER TO PULL AWAY FROM THE GUARDS OF BURBANK TO WIN THE SOUTHERN SECTION DIV. IV-A GIRLS' BASKETBALL TITLE. OAKS CHRISTIAN 53, BELL-JEFF 44
Los Angeles Daily News; 3/9/2003; Nevin Barich\ Staff Writer; 351 words;
... sounded and the Oaks Christian High girls' basketball ... Southern Section Div. IV-A title, senior forward ... first title by Oaks Christian (22-6) in the program ... was named the Division IV-A Coach of the Year ... eight rebounds for Oaks Christian - before Bell-Jeff's ... after a timeout, Oaks ...
|
|
|
SO. SECTION DIVISION IV-A: THIS TIME, OAKS CHRISTIAN GOES OUT LIKE LIONS --THE LIONS OF WESTLAKE VILLAGE GO ON A 10-0 RUN LATE IN THE FOURTH QUARTER TO PULL AWAY FROM THE GUARDS OF BURBANK TO WIN THE SOUTHERN SECTION DIV. IV-A GIRLS' BASKETBALL TITLE. OAKS CHRISTIAN 53, BELL-JEFF 44.(Sports)
Daily News (Los Angeles, CA); 3/9/2003; 359 words;
... sounded and the Oaks Christian High girls' basketball ... Southern Section Div. IV-A title, senior forward ... first title by Oaks Christian (22-6) in the program ... was named the Division IV-A Coach of the Year ... eight rebounds for Oaks Christian - before Bell-Jeff's ... after a timeout, Oaks ...
|
|
|
DIV. IV-A: MONTCLAIR'S PRESS DELIVERS EASY WIN ONTARIO CHRISTIAN CAN'T MATCH ATHLETICISM MONTCLAIR PREP 65, ONTARIO CHR. 47.(Sports)
Daily News (Los Angeles, CA); 3/4/2005; 354 words;
... ability advantage over Ontario Christian in Thursday's Southern Section Div. IV-A championship game at Loyola ... Looking at the film of (Ontario Christian) we felt we'd have a pretty ... basketball team celebrates its Div. IV-A championship over Ontario Christian Thursday night. Marlon Yates ...
|
|
|
SOUTHERN SECTION SOFTBALL PLAYOFFS: DIV. IV: OAKS CHRISTIAN SHUTS DOWN NOTRE DAME LIONS MOVE UP TWO DIVISIONS, REACH SEMIS BEHIND FREEMAN OAKS CHR. 2, NOTRE DAME 1
Los Angeles Daily News; 5/30/2003; Dave Shelburne\ Staff Writer; 429 words;
... division, same old story. Oaks Christian of Westlake Village, a Southern ... to being bumped up to the Div. IV ranks this year. The Lions (30 ... field proved the difference as Oaks Christian - ranked No. 7 by the Daily News and the top seeded in the Div. IV playoffs - eliminated Notre ...
|
|
|
SO. SEC. DIV. IV: OAKS CHRISTIAN BEATS ALEMANY LIONS ARE CHAMPS IN THIRD TRY AT SECTION TITLE OAKS CHRISTIAN 2, ALEMANY 0.(Sports)
Daily News (Los Angeles, CA); 6/8/2003; 414 words;
... Writer IRVINE - This time, Oaks Christian can keep running. No umpire ... softball championships, Oaks Christian of Westlake Village left little ... of Mission Hills in the Div. IV championship game at Barber ... shortstop went 2 for 3, scored Oaks Christian's first run in the bottom of ... during Oaks ...
|
|
Christian Binkley IV, 17, Ephrata junior
Intelligencer Journal Lancaster, PA; 6/17/2002; 132 words;
Christian Samuel Binkley IV, 17, of Ephrata and Lititz, died at ... Ronald L. Eshelman of Lititz, and son of Christian S. Binkley III and stepson of Kathy ... of Ephrata; paternal grandparents, Christian Jr. and Dorothy Sweigart Binkley of ...
|
|
Christian Binkley IV, 17, student
Lancaster New Era Lancaster, PA; 6/17/2002; 168 words;
Christian Samuel Binkley IV, 17, of Ephrata and Lititz, died Friday ... Sherri L. Bowman Eshleman of Lititz and Christian S. Binkley III of Ephrata. He was the ... of Ephrata; paternal grandparents, Christian Jr. and Dorothy Sweigart Binkley of ...
|
|
Skovgaard-Petersen, Karen Historiography at the Court of Christian IV, 1588--1648: Studies in the Latin Histories of Denmark by Johannes Pontanus and Johannes Meursius.(Book Review)(Brief Article)
History: Review of New Books; 9/22/2002; Agren, Maria; 492 words;
... Historiography at the Court of Christian IV provides a thorough analysis of ... appointed royal historiographers by Christian IV. They were commissioned to write ... to legitimize the long reign of Christian IV. A doctor of both Latin and history ...
|
|
Karen Skovgaard-Petersen. Historiography at the Court of Christian IV 1588-1648): Studies in the Latin Histories of Denmark by Johannes Pontanus and Johannes Meursius.(Book Review)
Scandinavian Studies; 3/22/2003; Larson, James L.; 627 words;
... from the origins to the reign of Christian IV. Work did not move on apace, and ... men were hired at the instance of Christian IV's chancellor, Christen Friis, who ... threatened by an imperialist Sweden. Christian IV's exercise of power in the Thirty ...
|
|
|
DIV. IV SOFTBALL: OAKS CHRISTIAN WINS ANOTHER TITLE OAKS CHR. 7, BARSTOW 1
Los Angeles Daily News; 6/6/2004; Ramona Shelburne\ Staff Writer; 351 words;
... as much success as the Oaks Christian High of Westlake Village softball ... the Southern Section Div. IV championship at Barber Park ... inning. The victory gave Oaks Christian back-to-back Div. IV titles after losses in the ... fire," said Tiffany Day, Oaks Christian's only senior, who has ...
|
|
|
DIV. IV: OAKS CHRISTIAN IN ANOTHER FINAL OAKS CHR. 4, ST. PAUL 2
Los Angeles Daily News; 6/2/2004; Daily News; 142 words;
Defending Southern Section Div. IV champion Oaks Christian of Westlake Village took advantage of ... Santa Fe Springs to advance to the Div. IV finals with a 4-2 victory Tuesday. Julia ... five batters and allowing two hits. Oaks Christian has won 59 of its past 60 games, with ... April 24 against Westlake ...
|
|
|
DIV. IV-A: MONTCLAIR'S PRESS DELIVERS EASY WIN ONTARIO CHRISTIAN CAN'T MATCH ATHLETICISM MONTCLAIR PREP 65, ONTARIO CHR. 47
Los Angeles Daily News; 3/4/2005; Vincent Bonsignore\ Staff Writer; 309 words;
... ability advantage over Ontario Christian in Thursday's Southern Section Div. IV-A championship game at Loyola ... Looking at the film of (Ontario Christian) we felt we'd have a pretty ... press and outscored Ontario Christian 15-2 to take a 34-16 halftime ... run started after Ontario Christian ...
|
|
|
DIV. IV: OAKS CHRISTIAN IN ANOTHER FINAL OAKS CHR. 4, ST. PAUL 2.(Sports)
Daily News (Los Angeles, CA); 6/2/2004; 145 words;
Byline: Daily News Defending Southern Section Div. IV champion Oaks Christian of Westlake Village took advantage ... Springs to advance to the Div. IV finals with a 4-2 victory Tuesday ... and allowing two hits. Oaks Christian has won 59 of its past 60 games ... against Westlake in the Daily ...
|
See all results from premium newspaper and magazine articles, images, maps and more at HighBeam Research.
Related articles from newspapers, magazines and other sources:
CELAM IV: maneuvering and marking time in Santo Domingo. (Fourth General Conference of Latin American Bishops)
The Christian Century; 2/17/1993; Peerman, Dean; 3562 words;
|
The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume IV, c. 1024-c. 1198.(Brief article)(Book review)
The Historian; 6/22/2006; Peters, Edwards; 526 words;
|
A royal visit. (National Report).(Uganda's King Oyo Nyimba Kabamba Iguru Rukidi IV in Denver)(Brief Article)
Jet; 5/13/2002; 112 words;
|
Shakespeare's Tudor History: A Study of Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2.(Book Review)
The Modern Language Review; 1/1/2004; Cavanagh, Dermot; 1303 words;
|
Edward E. Curtis IV. Black Muslim Religion in the Nation of Islam, 1960-1975.(Book review)
Michigan Historical Review; 9/22/2007; Evans, Curtis J.; 661 words;
|
Correspondance de Pierre Bayle, vol. IV: Janvier 1684-juillet 1684. Lettres 242-308.(Book review)
The Modern Language Review; 10/1/2006; Laursen, John Christian; 439 words;
|
Multiple pulmonary nodules in a patient with stage IV, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. (Pathologic Quiz Case).
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine; 6/1/2002; Omeroglu, Atilla Siziopikou, Kalliopi Husain, Aliya N.; 1302 words;
|
IV. Globalization.(Twenty Years of Trends in Communication Research)(Critical Essay)
Communication Research Trends; 3/22/2000; Biernatzki, W.E.; 7933 words;
|
Christ crucified: Lutheran missiological themes for a post-christian century.
Currents in Theology and Mission; 4/1/2003; Thomsen, Mark; 7518 words;
|
The idea of a Christian commonwealth. (includes bibliography)
Commonweal; 11/6/1992; Cantor, Norman F.; 5246 words;
|
|
|