Bohdan Chmielnicki , c.1595-1657, hetman (leader) of Ukraine. An educated member of the Ukrainian gentry, he early joined the Ukrainian Cossacks . Elected (1648) hetman of the Zaporizhzhya Cossacks, he led their rebellion against oppressive Polish rule. After defeating the Polish army, the Cossacks joined with the Polish peasantry, murdering over 100,000 Jews. At first successful, the revolt grew into a national revolution of the Ukrainian people. Two treaties (1649, 1651) with Poland—the second less satisfactory than the first—were broken by the Poles, and the war dragged on. As compromise with Poland proved to be impossible, Chmielnicki's objective came to be an independent Ukrainian state; for aid he turned to Czar Alexis of Russia. In 1654 at Pereyaslavl (renamed Pereyaslav-Khmelnytskyy in 1944), Ukraine was proclaimed a protectorate of Moscow and recognized as autonomous. The alliance ultimately led to the destruction of Ukrainian autonomy; its immediate result was resumption of the war, which ended only in 1667 with the Treaty of Andrusov, which partitioned Ukraine between Poland and Russia.
Author not available, CHMIELNICKI, BOHDAN.,
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition 2008
The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press
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WITH FIRE & SWORD.
Variety; 5/31/1999; ELLEY, DEREK; 886 words;
... Scorupco Jan Skrzetuski Michal Zebrowski Bohun Aleksandr Domogarov Prince Jeremi Wiszniowiecki Andrzej Seweryn Bohdan Chmielnicki Bohdan S. Stupka Jan Onufry Zagloba Krzysztof Kowalewski Michal Wolodyjowski Zbigniew Zamachowski Longinus Podbipieta ...
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Between East-Central Europe and Britain: reformation and science as vehicles of intellectual communication in the mid-seventeenth century.
East European Quarterly; 12/22/1996; Rozbicki, Michael J.; 7556 words;
... containing a reference to the plans of entering into an alliance with the hetman of the Cossacks in the Ukraine, Bohdan Chmielnicki.(39) In Hartlib's closest circle, this covert, civill intelligence was presented as a meanes to procure contributors ...
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Ukraine: is there hope in Orange?(INTERNATIONAL SPECTRUM)
The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide; 3/1/2005; Kitlinski, Tomasz; 1717 words;
... perpetrators of pogroms. Anti-Semitism has been rekindled time and again in Ukrainian history. The Cossacks of Bohdan Khmelnytsky (Chmielnicki) led pogroms: from 1648 to 1649, between 65,000 and 100,000 Jews were killed. It was in Ukraine that Hassidism ...
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