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Rudolf Carnap
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Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap , 1891-1970, German-American philosopher. He taught philosophy at the Univ. of Vienna (1926-31) and at the German Univ. in Prague (1931-35). After going to the United States he taught at the Univ. of Chicago (1936-52) and at the Univ. of California at Los Angeles (1954-62). Carnap was one of the most influential of contemporary philosophers; he is known as a founder of logical positivism and made important contributions to logic, semantics, and the philosophy of science. In Logische Syntax der Sprache (1934; tr. The Logical Syntax of Language, 1937) he defined philosophy as "the logic of the sciences" and considered it a general language whose only legitimate concern could be to describe and criticize the language of the particular sciences. All propositions were held to be either tautological (embodying logical or mathematical systems), scientific (embodying philosophy properly understood), or nonsensical (embodying the nonverifiable propositions of traditional philosophy). Through an analysis of scientific, logical, and mathematical language he revealed the inadequacies of everyday speech. Carnap later modified this extreme view, which rejects almost all of traditional philosophy. His other works include Introduction to Semantics (1942), Meaning and Necessity (1947, 2d ed. 1956), Logical Foundations of Probability (1950), and Einführung in die symbolische Logik (1954; tr. Introduction to Symbolic Logic and its Applications, 1958).
Bibliography: See studies by P. A. Schilpp, ed. (1963, repr. 1984) and R. Butrick (1970).
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Rudolf Carnap
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Rudolf Carnap The German-American philosopher Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970) was the most prominent representative of the...logical positivism, sometimes called logical empiricism. Rudolf Carnap was born on May 18, 1891, in Ronsdorf, Germany. From 1910...
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Book article from: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
...include The Logical Structure of the World (1928), The Logical Syntax of Language (1934), Introduction to Semantics (1942), Meaning and Necessity (1947), and The Logical Foundations of Probability (1950). Rudolf Carnap Rudolf Carnap Rudolf Carnap
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W. V. Quine
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...Oberlin, 1930. He studied at Harvard (Ph.D., 1932) under Alfred North Whitehead and in Europe, where he was influenced by Rudolf Carnap . He taught at Harvard (1936-78), becoming Edgar Pierce professor of philosophy there in 1955. Much of Quine's philosophical...
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Vienna Circle
Book article from: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia
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Moritz Schlick
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...the Vienna Circle, a group of logical positivists (see logical positivism ). Influenced by Ludwig Wittgenstein and Rudolf Carnap . Schlick emphasized experience as the means of establishing the truth of claims to knowledge. His works include General...
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