Pictures from Google Image Search

Charles Alexandre de Calonne

The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition | 2008 | The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Copyright 2008 Columbia University Press. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Charles Alexandre de Calonne , 1734-1802, French statesman, controller general of finances (1783-87). Faced with a huge public debt and a steadily deteriorating financial situation, Calonne adopted a spending policy to inspire confidence in the nation's financial position. He then proposed a direct land tax and the calling of provincial assemblies to apportion it, a stamp tax, and the reduction of some privileges of the nobles and clergy. To gain support, Calonne had King Louis XVI call an Assembly of Notables, but the Assembly (1787) refused to consider Calonne's proposals and criticized him bitterly. Dismissed and replaced by Étienne Charles Loménie de Brienne , Calonne fled (1787) to England, where he stayed until 1802. Many of Calonne's official papers have been published and two general works on politics have been translated into English, Considerations on the Present and Future State of France (1791) and The Political State of Europe (1796).

Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.

  • MLA
  • Chicago
  • APA

"Charles Alexandre de Calonne." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 28 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Charles Alexandre de Calonne." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (November 28, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Calonne.html

"Charles Alexandre de Calonne." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Retrieved November 28, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Calonne.html

Learn more about citation styles

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

(Including press releases, facts, information, and biographies)

Biography of Jerome Robbins Reveals A Dance Great's Unexorcized 'Demons': Dancing With Demons; The Life of Jerome Robbins
Newspaper article from: Forward; 9/28/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...Forward 09-28-2001 Biography of Jerome Robbins Reveals A Dance Great's Unexorcized...Dancing With Demons; The Life of Jerome Robbins Mr. Fleischer is the director...exhaustively detailed biography of Jerome Robbins, we learn that Robbins (born...
Basting Robbins. (Books).(two books on Jerome Robbins)
Magazine article from: The Gay & Lesbian Review Worldwide; 7/1/2002; ; 700+ words ; ...Dance with Demons: The Life of Jerome Robbins by Greg Lawrence Berkley, 622...Broadway: The Golden Years: Jerome Robbins and the Great Choreographer...Broadway choreographer-director Jerome Robbins, with whom she had worked on...
Jerome Robbins, 1918-1998.(Obituary)
Magazine article from: New Criterion; 9/1/1998; ; 700+ words ; When Jerome Robbins died on July 29, 1998, at the age...choreographers was a genius. This was the Jerome Robbins who choreographed thirteen Broadway...Story--a suite he'd arranged for Jerome Robbins' Broadway (1988), a show of Robbins...
Jerome Robbins Obit
Transcript from: NPR All Things Considered; 7/29/1998; ; 700+ words ; ...of choreographer and director Jerome Robbins. Robbins died today. He was 79 years old. Jerome Robbins' career spanned nearly six decades...jeans and sneakers. MUSIC RISES Jerome Robbins grew up across the river from...
Jerome Robbins (1918-98): Jerome Robbins made indelible changes in both musical theater and classical ballet.
Magazine article from: Dance Magazine; 10/1/1998; ; 700+ words ; Jerome Robbins made indelible changes in both musical theater and classical ballet. Jerome Robbins, felled by a stroke at the age of seventy-nine, was one of the great...
`Jerome Robbins' Broadway' dances to top in Tony awards
Newspaper article from: Chicago Sun-Times; 6/5/1989; ; 700+ words ; ...York, and the big winner was "Jerome Robbins' Broadway," which received...Finally, there were scenes from "Jerome Robbins' Broadway." The heart-stopping...Wendy Wasserstein. Musical: "Jerome Robbins' Broadway." Revival: Thornton...
Jerome Robbins, master ballet and Broadway choreographer, dead at 79
News Wire article from: AP Online; 7/29/1998; ; 700+ words ; ...29-1998 NEW YORK (AP) _ Jerome Robbins, one of modern ballet's master...returning 25 years later with ``Jerome Robbins' Broadway,'' a retrospective...of his ``Brandenburg.'' Robbins was born Jerome Rabinowitz, Oct. 11, 1918...
New Bio Tells the Jerome Robbins Story
Transcript from: NPR Weekend All Things Considered; 4/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...01-2007 New Bio Tells the Jerome Robbins Story Host: DEBBIE ELLIOTT Time...but it was ballet choreographer Jerome Robbins who translated street-gang fight...reading "Somewhere: The Life of Jerome Robbins." Hi, Jesse. Mr. JESSE KORNBLUTH...
Showman Jerome Robbins Dies at 79
Newspaper article from: The Washington Post; 7/30/1998; ; 700+ words ; Jerome Robbins, 79, the celebrated...presenting the award to Robbins, actress Rosalind Russell said simply, "Jerome, I told you!" Born Jerome Rabinowitz in New York...Eastern European pogroms, Robbins grew up in Weehawken...
Master of choreography Jerome Robbins dies at 79
News Wire article from: AP Online; 7/29/1998; ; 700+ words ; ...29-1998 NEW YORK (AP) _ Jerome Robbins, choreographer and director whose...surfacing again until 1989 when ``Jerome Robbins' Broadway,'' a collection...and America. And in 1981 his Jerome Robbins Chamber Dance Company toured the...

Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses

Jerome Robbins
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography Jerome Robbins A major creative force on both the Broadway...beginning in 1944, director/choreographer Jerome Robbins (born Rabinowitz 1918) extended the...American director and choreographer Jerome Robbins was equally renowned for his work in...
Robbins, Jerome
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to American Theatre Robbins, Jerome [ né Rabinowitz ] (1918...his past dances for the retrospective Jerome Robbins' Broadway (1989). Biography: Dance With Demons: The Life of Jerome Robbins , Greg Lawrence, 2001.
Jerome Robbins's Broadway
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to American Theatre Jerome Robbins's Broadway (1989), a musical revue featuring numbers from Broadway shows that Jerome Robbins had choreographed. [ Imperial Theatre , 633 perf.; Tony Award...
West Side Story
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers ...1961 Directors: Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins Production: Mirisch Pictures...Murray Spivak; choreography: Jerome Robbins. Cast: Natalie Wood (Maria...composed by Leonard Bernstein, and Jerome Robbins's choreography, which introduced...
Ballet in American Theatre
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to American Theatre ...Another memorable example was Jerome Robbins 's comic gem, the “...critics and playgoers would also cite Robbins's “The Small House...the 1960s such choreographers as Robbins, Gower Champion , Bob Fosse...

For students and teachers!

Encyclopedia.com provides students and teachers facts, information, and biographies from verified, citable sources, including:

Encyclopedia.com provides students and teachers facts, information, and biographies from verified, citable sources, including: