Lloyd Millard Bentsen, Jr.
Lloyd Millard Bentsen, Jr. 1921-2006, American political leader and U.S. secretary of the treasury (1993-94), b. Mission, Tex. He received a law degree from the Univ. of Texas in 1942 and served as a B-24 squadron commander during World War II. A Democrat, he served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives (1949-55) before starting a successful insurance business in Houston. Returning to politics in 1970, he was elected to the U.S. Senate, defeating George H. W. Bush . Serving in the Senate (1971-93), Bentsen was a stalwart defender of Texas business interests such as the oil and gas industry and of international trade. From 1987 to 1993 he was chairman of the Senate finance committee. In the 1988 presidential election, the Democratic ticket of Michael Dukakis and Bentsen was defeated by George H. W. Bush and Dan Quayle . As secretary of the treasury under President Bill Clinton , Bentsen helped shepherd through Congress the 1993 deficit-reduction bill, the North American Free Trade Agreement , and the accord establishing the World Trade Organization .
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The Caliphate: One nation, under Allah, with 1.5 billion Muslims.(WORLD)
Newspaper article from: The Christian Science Monitor; 5/10/2006; 700+ words
; ...single Islamic state, known as "the Caliphate," that would stretch from Indonesia...are saying they want to recreate the Caliphate, people are taking them seriously...service to the ideal of reestablishing the Caliphate, leaving less ideological space for...
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Slavery, Commerce and Production in the Sokoto Caliphate of West Africa
Magazine article from: African Studies Review; 4/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...Commerce and Production in the Sokoto Caliphate of West Africa. Trenton, N.J...major essays on slavery in the Sokoto Caliphate, the largest state in nineteenth-century...production, and development in the Sokoto Caliphate and central Sudan generally in the nineteenth...
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Watchword of the day: Beware the caliphate White House Letter
Newspaper article from: International Herald Tribune; 12/12/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...the nation's top guns these days is caliphate the term for the seventh-century Islamic...of resonance when they use the term 'caliphate,''' said Kenneth Pollack, a former...goal is the re-establishment of the caliphate, with calamitous consequences for the...
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War on the Savannah: The Military Collapse of the Sokoto Caliphate under the Invasion of the British Empire, 1897-1903.(Review)
Magazine article from: Journal of World History; 9/22/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...The Military Collapse of the Sokoto Caliphate under the Invasion of the British Empire...chronicling the British conquest of the Sokoto Caliphate of Northern Nigeria, Risto Marjomaa...of the twentieth century, the Sokoto Caliphate of Northern Nigeria was the largest of...
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Commentary: Bush administration misuses the word `caliphate'
Transcript from: NPR Morning Edition; 1/4/2006; ; 622 words
; ...establish a totalitarian caliphate stretching all the...Arab history. The caliphates of Medina, Baghdad...the leaders of the caliphate were called, were...Qaeda ruling a true caliphate from Indonesia to Spain...Islam, slurring the caliphates of Arab history is...
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The Caliphate in the West: An Islamic Political Institution in the Iberian Peninsula.
Magazine article from: The Historian; 1/1/1994; ; 700+ words
; ...evidence of the abolition of the caliphate or of any drastic consequences...that the cessation of the caliphate would have engendered. On...signals the end of the western caliphate. On a broader level, this...Ummayad, Abbasid, and Fatimid caliphates. Such inquiries would undoubtedly...
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Caliph Wanted; Why An old Islamic institution resonates with many Muslims today.(Islamic caliphate)
Magazine article from: U.S. News & World Report; 1/14/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...their violent struggle is to restore the Islamic caliphate, the system of political-religious leadership...Muslim countries in a single Islamic state or caliphate. The idea of the caliphate is a poorly understood, vaguely threatening...
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Colonialism within colonialism: the Hausa-Caliphate imaginary and the British colonial administration of the Nigerian Middle Belt.(Report)
Magazine article from: African Studies Quarterly; 9/22/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...the origins and development of a Hausa-Caliphate imaginary in the intertwinements of caliphate and British discourses and its subtle entry...envisioned to normalize and spread this Hausa-Caliphate socio-cultural and political model to the...
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Pak banned outfits campaign for establishment of Caliphate.
News Wire article from: PTI - The Press Trust of India Ltd.; 3/3/2007; 700+ words
; ...outfits campaign for establishment of Caliphate Islamabad Mar 3(PTI) Some of the banned...preaching their version of an Islamic caliphate outside some of the Lahore mosques after...plans to reinstate the institution of the Caliphate in Islam which existed 1,400 years...
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War on the Savannah: The Military Collapse of the Sokoto Caliphate Under the Invasion of the British Empire, 1897-1903.(Review)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of History; 8/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...The Military Collapse of the Sokoto Caliphate Under the Invasion of the British Empire...populous territorial state, the Sokoto Caliphate, was violently incorporated into the...growing British empire in West Africa. The caliphate subsequently emerged as the most dominant...
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Caliphate
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of the Modern Middle East and North Africa
CALIPHATE the caliph was the temporal and spiritual ruler of islam until the...had been maintained as a dependent figurehead. Nationalism and the Caliphate The caliphate signified the ideal of pan-Islamic unity and solidarity and served...
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caliphate
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
caliphate , the rulership of Islam; caliph , the...749-1258) is sometimes called the caliphate of Baghdad. One Umayyad, Abd ar-Rahman...set up in 780. This later became the caliphate of Córdoba, or the Western...
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Caliphate Movement
Book article from: A Dictionary of Contemporary World History
Caliphate Movement, see Khilifat Movement
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Sokoto Caliphate
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Sokoto Caliphate see Usuman dan Fodio .
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Arabs
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences
...translated into Arabic during the Abbasid caliphate, and because the new Arab-centered...Islam throughout the region, the Umayyad caliphate, which lasted from 661 to 750 and was...over it. With the rise of the Abbasid caliphate in 750, the Muslim ruling elites became...
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