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How the Body Works : The Sex Chromosomes

The Sex Chromosomes The sex of an individual is determined by a pair of chromosomes designated as XX in a female and XY in a male. Ova contain only X chromosomes, but sperm contain either an X or a Y in a one-to-one ratio. At fertilization, there is an equal chance of an XX or an XY pair being formed. Sex-linked characteristics, such as hemophilia, arise because there are regions of the X chromosome without corresponding regions on the smaller Y chromosome.

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