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tribune
tribune in ancient Rome, one of various officers. The history of the office of tribune is closely associated with the struggle of the plebs against the patrician class to achieve a more equitable position in the state. From c.508 BC the military tribunes ( tribuni militum ) were the senior officers of the legions, elected by the people and with the rank of magistrate; a plebeian could hold the position. The office of military tribune with the power of consul ( tribuni militum consulari potestate ) was established in 444 BC The office meant that certain of the military tribunes were invested with the political power of the consul. Although military tribunes were abolished (367 BC), the office of tribune of the plebs ( tribuni plebis ) designed to protect plebeian rights, especially against abuse by magistrates, had been formed (493 BC). The original number of such tribunes is uncertain, but by 449 BC there were 10. These tribunes were plebeians elected by an assembly of plebs. The power of the tribune derived from two basic prerogatives, the right of the tribune to inflict punishment upon a magistrate who disregarded either his injunction or the inviolability ( sacrosanctitas ) of the tribune's person. Gradually the tribune gained the intercessio or the right to veto a decision of a magistrate—which in effect was a veto over any official act of administration—and the right to prosecute corrupt magistrates before a public body. He further acquired (3d cent. BC) the power to attend and convene the senate and to lay before it matters for consideration. As the plebeians came to occupy more and more public offices, the tribune became less the champion of a class and more the representative of the individual over the state. With the reforms of the Gracchi in the late 2d cent. BC, the office of tribune acquired wider significance, but later Sulla , combating these reforms, tried to remove the tribuneship as a factor in Roman government. Pompey restored the tribunes to their old power. Under the empire the tribuneship was held by the emperors. This gave to the emperors few powers that they did not otherwise possess, but the tradition of the office as a defender of popular rights and its inviolability was useful to them. |
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"tribune." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "tribune." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-tribune.html "tribune." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-tribune.html |
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tribune
trib·une1 / ˈtribyoōn; triˈbyoōn/ • n. (also tribune of the people) an official in ancient Rome chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests. ∎ (also military tribune) a Roman legionary officer. ∎ fig. a popular leader; a champion of the people. ∎ used in names of newspapers: the Chicago Tribune. DERIVATIVES: trib·u·nate / ˈtribyənit; trīˈbyoōnit; -ˌnāt/ n. trib·une·ship / -ˌship/ n. trib·une2 • n. 1. an apse in a basilica. 2. a dais or rostrum, esp. in a church. ∎ a raised area or gallery with seats, esp. in a church. |
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"tribune." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "tribune." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-tribune.html "tribune." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-tribune.html |
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tribune
tribune In ancient Rome, ten tribunes were elected to protect PLEBS from PATRICIANS; they were empowered to veto decisions of magistrates and, later, the Senate's decrees. They could also propose legislation of their own. Roman emperors also took the title of tribune, which gave them the constitutional rights of tribunes and a popular image. Military tribunes were senior officers of legions, also elected. The Latin word tribunus was derived from tribus, tribe, indicating ‘of the people’.
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"tribune." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "tribune." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-tribune.html "tribune." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-tribune.html |
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tribune
tribune an official in ancient Rome (also known as the tribune of the people) chosen by the plebeians to protect their interests; in extended and figurative usage, a popular leader, a champion of the people. The word is recorded from late Middle English, and comes from Latin tribunus, literally ‘head of a tribe’.
Tribune Group a left-wing group within the British Labour Party consisting of supporters of the views put forward in the weekly journal Tribune. |
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "tribune." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "tribune." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-tribune.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "tribune." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-tribune.html |
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tribune
tribune Official of ancient Rome. Of the various kinds of tribune, some had military functions, some political. The tribunes of the plebeians, generally ten in number, who were elected annually, gained an important role under the republic. In the 2nd century bc, the Gracchi brothers used the office of tribune to pursue radical social reforms. See also Gracchus
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"tribune." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "tribune." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-tribune.html "tribune." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-tribune.html |
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tribune
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T. F. HOAD. "tribune." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. T. F. HOAD. "tribune." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-tribune.html T. F. HOAD. "tribune." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-tribune.html |
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tribune
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JAMES STEVENS CURL. "tribune." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAMES STEVENS CURL. "tribune." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-tribune.html JAMES STEVENS CURL. "tribune." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-tribune.html |
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tribune
tribune2 saloon in the Galleria degli Uffizi in Florence, Italy XVII; apse of a basilica XVIII; dais, rostrum, bishop's throne. — F. — It. tribuna — medL. tribūna, for L. tribūnal.
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Cite this article
T. F. HOAD. "tribune." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. T. F. HOAD. "tribune." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-tribune1.html T. F. HOAD. "tribune." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology. 1996. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O27-tribune1.html |
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tribune
tribune
•afternoon, attune, autoimmune, baboon, balloon, bassoon, bestrewn, boon, Boone, bridoon, buffoon, Cameroon, Cancún, cardoon, cartoon, Changchun, cocoon, commune, croon, doubloon, dragoon, dune, festoon, galloon, goon, harpoon, hoon, immune, importune, impugn, Irgun, jejune, June, Kowloon, lagoon, lampoon, loon, macaroon, maroon, monsoon, moon, Muldoon, noon, oppugn, picayune, platoon, poltroon, pontoon, poon, prune, puccoon, raccoon, Rangoon, ratoon, rigadoon, rune, saloon, Saskatoon, Sassoon, Scone, soon, spittoon, spoon, swoon, Troon, tune, tycoon, typhoon, Walloon
•fortune, misfortune
•vodun • veldskoen • honeymoon
•forenoon • tablespoon • teaspoon
•soupspoon • dessertspoon • Neptune
•tribune • triune • opportune
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"tribune." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "tribune." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-tribune.html "tribune." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-tribune.html |
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