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recorder
recorder musical wind instrument of the flute family, made of wood, varying in length, and having an inverted conical bore (largest end near the mouthpiece). Its tone is produced by an air stream against an edge, like that of the flute, but the air is conducted by a mouthpiece through a channel to the edge; intonation is somewhat less flexible on the vertical recorder than on the transverse flute. The recorder has a soft, sweet timbre which makes it an ideal chamber instrument. It was known in Europe as early as the 10th cent., and at first was the principal flute instrument. By the 16th cent. it was made in a variety of sizes, and in the 17th and early 18th cent. it was a very important solo, chamber, and orchestral instrument. Until c.1750, the term flute referred to the recorder; the transverse flute was always distinguished by a qualifying adjective. After that time the recorder was too weak for the continually growing orchestra, and it fell into disuse until the revival of interest in older music and instruments in the early 20th cent. Since it lacks keys and a complicated embouchure, the recorder is one of the few instruments of artistic importance easily played by an amateur, a fact that has contributed to its growing popularity. It has a huge literature of solo and ensemble music from the 16th to 18th cent., to which many 20th-century composers have added. Related to the recorder is the flageolet , which differs mainly in that it has fewer holes, usually six, two of which are closed by the thumbs. It was known as early as the 16th cent. and has seldom figured in serious music. |
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"recorder." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recorder." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-recorder.html "recorder." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-recorder.html |
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recorder
recorder (Fr. flûte à bec; Ger. Blockflöte; It. flauto diretto; Sp. flauta de pico). Woodwind instr. of ancient lineage, made without reed. Forerunner of the fl., but end-blown through a whistle-mouthpiece. In medieval times, the recorder was known under the Lat. name fistula, hence ‘fipple-flute’. It had 7 finger-holes in front and a thumbhole behind, and a beak-shaped mouthpiece. The antiquity of the instr. is hard to determine because its playing position is so like that of similar instr. (other whistle types), that contemporary illustrations are of little help. But it has been est. as being in existence in the 12th cent., although the word ‘recorder’ first appeared in a document in 1388. A recorder tutor was pubd. in Venice, 1535. By the 15th cent. there were several sizes of recorder. Praetorius lists 8, i.e. great bass, quint bass, bass, ten., alto, 2 sop., sopranino. Thus, recorder consorts were a common feature of Renaissance mus. life. The instr. has been widely revived in the 20th cent. both as an easy instr. for children and as part of the revival in performing early mus. on authentic instr. Modern composers have written for it e.g. Britten, Arnold Cooke, and Rubbra. The most common size today is the descant (sop.), but there are also sopranino, treble (alto), ten., and bass.
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MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "recorder." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "recorder." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-recorder.html MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "recorder." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-recorder.html |
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recorder
re·cord·er
/ riˈkôrdər/
•
n.
1.
an apparatus for recording sound, pictures, or data, esp. a tape recorder.
2.
a person who keeps records:
a poet and recorder of rural and industrial life.
3.
a simple woodwind instrument with finger holes and no keys, held vertically and played by blowing air through a shaped mouthpiece against a sharp edge.
4.
(Recorder)
(in England and Wales) a barrister appointed to serve as a part-time judge.
DERIVATIVES:
re·cord·er·ship
/ -ˌship/ n.
(in sense 4).
recorder |
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Cite this article
"recorder." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recorder." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-recorder.html "recorder." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-recorder.html |
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recorder
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"recorder." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recorder." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-recorder.html "recorder." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-recorder.html |
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recording
re·cord·ing / riˈkôrding/ • n. a recorded sound or picture. ∎ a tape or disc on which sounds or visual images have been recorded. |
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Cite this article
"recording." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recording." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-recording.html "recording." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-recording.html |
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recording
recording See sound recording
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Cite this article
"recording." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recording." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-recording.html "recording." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-recording.html |
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recorder
recorder •dodder, fodder, plodder, prodder
•Isolde, solder
•absconder, anaconda, Fonda, Golconda, Honda, nonda, ponder, responder, squander, Wanda, wander, yonder
•hot-rodder
•awarder, boarder, border, defrauder, hoarder, Korda, marauder, order, recorder, sordor, warder
•alder, Balder, Calder
•launder, maunder
•sailboarder • skateboarder
•keyboarder • snowboarder
•camcorder • video recorder
•chowder, Gouda, howdah, Lauda, powder
•bounder, compounder, expounder, flounder, founder, grounder, impounder, pounder, propounder, rounder, sounder
•gunpowder
•Clodagh, coda, coder, exploder, loader, Oder, odour (US odor), pagoda, Rhoda, Sargodha, Schroder, soda, vocoder
•beholder, boulder, folder, holder, moulder (US molder), polder, scolder, shoulder, smoulder (US smolder), upholder, withholder
•cardholder • shareholder
•stakeholder
•freeholder, keyholder
•leaseholder • copyholder
•policyholder • stockholder
•smallholder, stallholder
•householder • freeloader
•avoider, embroider
•joinder • Schadenfreude
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Cite this article
"recorder." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recorder." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-recorder.html "recorder." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-recorder.html |
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recording
recording •scaffolding
•freestanding, hardstanding, landing, misunderstanding, notwithstanding, outstanding, standing, stranding, understanding, upstanding
•Harding, self-regarding
•undemanding
•heading, Reading, steading, wedding
•gelding
•ending, impending, uncomprehending, unoffending, unpretending
•sub-heading • heartrending
•goaltending
•arcading, grading, lading, shading, unfading, upbraiding
•exceeding, leading, misleading, pleading, reeding, self-feeding, sheading, unheeding
•Fielding, yielding
•inbreeding • stockbreeding
•forbidding, Ridding
•building • wingding • shipbuilding
•bodybuilding • outbuilding
•confiding, hiding, riding, siding
•wilding
•binding, finding
•paragliding • wadding
•corresponding • hot-rodding
•according, hoarding, recording, unrewarding
•sailboarding • snowboarding
•telerecording • videorecording
•Dowding
•grounding, sounding, surrounding
•foreboding, loading
•Golding, holding, moulding (US molding), scolding
•landholding • shareholding
•smallholding • roadholding
•wounding
•peasepudding, pudding
•underfunding • wording
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Cite this article
"recording." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "recording." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-recording.html "recording." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-recording.html |
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