prostate gland

prostate gland gland that is part of the male reproductive system . It is an organ about the size of a chestnut and consists of glandular and muscular tissue. It is situated below the neck of the bladder, encircling the urethra. The prostate produces a thin, milky, alkaline fluid that is secreted into the urethra at the time of emission of semen, providing an added medium for the life and motility of sperm. It is probable that prostatic fluid enhances fertility since the fluid flowing from the testes and seminal vesicles is acidic and sperm are not optimally mobile unless their medium is relatively alkaline.

In men over 50 enlargement of the prostate (benign prostatic hypertrophy) is common. Sometimes the result is pressure on the urethra and bladder, which interferes with urination, precipitating urinary retention and kidney disease. Balloon dilatation of the urethra and medication with alpha blockers, finasteride (Proscar), and extracts of saw palmetto have joined traditional surgical removal of the prostate (prostatectomy) as therapies. See also prostate cancer , prostatitis .

Bibliography: See J. P. Blandy and B. Lytton, The Prostate (1986).

prostate gland Gland in the male reproductive tract surrounding the urethra. It secretes specific chemicals that mix with sperm cells and other secretions to make up semen.

prostate gland A gland in male mammals that surrounds and opens into the urethra where it leaves the bladder. During ejaculation it secretes a slightly alkaline fluid into the semen that activates the sperms and prevents them from sticking together.