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pointing
pointing. A method of creating an exact copy of a statue or of enlarging a model into a full-size sculpture by taking a series of measured points on the original and transferring them by means of mechanical aids to the copy or enlargement. The ancient Greeks devised elementary methods of pointing using callipers, and some kind of mechanical device was in use by the 1st century bc, when the copying of Greek statues for Roman patrons had become an industry. Various techniques of transfer, using for example a frame and plumb-line, have been used since the Renaissance, but it was not until the late 18th and early 19th century that sophisticated pointing machines became established in the sculptor's workshop (see Bacon, John). Such devices typically consisted of an upright stand carrying movable arms, each arm having attached to it an adjustable measuring rod that showed the depth to which each point must be drilled. Sometimes hundreds and even thousands of points would be taken. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries most stone sculpture was produced by this mechanical method, but thereafter sculptors increasingly rejected it in favour of direct carving.
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Cite this article
IAN CHILVERS. "pointing." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. IAN CHILVERS. "pointing." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (February 12, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O2-pointing.html IAN CHILVERS. "pointing." The Oxford Dictionary of Art. 2004. Retrieved February 12, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O2-pointing.html |
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pointing
pointing A method of creating an exact copy of a statue or of enlarging a model into a full-size sculpture by taking a series of measured points on the original and transferring them by means of mechanical aids to the copy or enlargement. The ancient Greeks devised elementary methods of pointing using callipers, and some kind of mechanical device was in use by the 1st century bc, when the copying of Greek statues for Roman patrons had become an industry. Various techniques of transfer, using for example a frame and plumb line, have been used since the Renaissance, but it was not until the late 18th and early 19th century that sophisticated pointing machines became established in the sculptor's workshop (see Bacon, John). Such devices typically consisted of an upright stand carrying movable arms, each arm having attached to it an adjustable measuring rod that showed the depth to which each point must be drilled. Sometimes hundreds and even thousands of points would be taken. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries most stone sculpture was produced by this mechanical method, but thereafter sculptors increasingly rejected it in favour of direct carving.
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Cite this article
IAN CHILVERS. "pointing." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. IAN CHILVERS. "pointing." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (February 12, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O3-pointing.html IAN CHILVERS. "pointing." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists. 2003. Retrieved February 12, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O3-pointing.html |
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pointing
point·ing / ˈpointing/ • n. cement or mortar used to fill the joints of brickwork, esp. when added externally to a wall to improve its appearance and weatherproofing. ∎ the process of adding such cement or mortar. |
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Cite this article
"pointing." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "pointing." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (February 12, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-pointing.html "pointing." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved February 12, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-pointing.html |
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pointing
pointing. In Anglican chant, the allotting of syllables to the notes on which they are to be sung (as in psalms and canticles). First attempt to present pointing in printed form was by Robert Janes, organist of Ely Cath., in 1837.
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Cite this article
MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "pointing." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "pointing." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (February 12, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-pointing.html MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "pointing." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Retrieved February 12, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-pointing.html |
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pointing
pointing. Process, material, or completed finish of mortar-joints in brickwork or masonry. See also brick; pointed.
Bibliography Bru (1990) |
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Cite this article
JAMES STEVENS CURL. "pointing." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 12 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAMES STEVENS CURL. "pointing." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 12, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-pointing.html JAMES STEVENS CURL. "pointing." A Dictionary of Architecture and Landscape Architecture. 2000. Retrieved February 12, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O1-pointing.html |
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