parody

parody mocking imitation in verse or prose of a literary work. The following poem by Robert Southey was parodied by Lewis Carroll:

"You are old, Father William," the young man cried;
   "The few locks which are left you are gray; You are hale, Father William—a hearty old man;   Now tell me the reason, I pray."

"In the days of my youth," Father William replied;
   "I remembered that youth would fly fast, And abused not my health and my vigor at first,   That I never might need them at last." Southey, "The Old Man's Comforts and How He Gained Them"

"You are old, Father William," the young man said,
   "And your hair has turned very white, And yet you incessantly stand on your head—   Do you think at your age it is right?"

"In my youth," Father William replied to his son,
   "I feared it might injure the brain; But now that I'm perfectly sure I have none,   Why I do it again and again." Carroll, "Father William"

Parodies have existed since literature began. Aristophanes brilliantly parodied the plays of Euripides; Cervantes's Don Quixote (1605-15) parodies chivalric romances; Henry Fielding's novel Joseph Andrews (1742) parodies Samuel Richardson's moral novel Pamela (1740); and Max Beerbohm's A Christmas Garland (1912) wickedly parodies such authors as Kipling, Conrad, and Henry James. Noted 20th-century parodists include Ogden Nash, S. J. Perelman, Robert Benchley, James Thurber, E. B. White, and Woody Allen.

parody Work in which the characteristics of artists or their works are imitated and exaggerated for comic effect. While parody exists in music and the arts, it is most commonly associated with literature. The tendency of parody to follow hard on the heels of distinctive work means that it has often served to question, consolidate and extend original advances in form, style or subject. Among 20th-century writers who have employed parody are Max Beerbohm, James Joyce, and Stephen Leacock.