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long march
long march Chin., Changzheng, the journey of c.6,000 mi (9,660 km) undertaken by the Red Army of China in 1934–35. When their Jiangxi prov. Soviet base was encircled by the Nationalist army of Chiang Kai-shek, some 90,000 men and women broke through the siege (Oct., 1934) and marched westward to Guizhou prov. There, at the Zunyi Conference (Jan., 1935), Mao Zedong won leadership of the Communist party and decided to join the remote Shaanxi prov. Soviet base. Overcoming numerous natural obstacles (such as towering mountain ranges and turbulent rivers) and despite constant harassment by Nationalist troops and the armies of provincial warlords, the Red Army arrived at its new home in the north in Oct., 1935. However, more than half of the original marchers were lost in this almost incredible trek. Those who survived settled around the city of Yan'an .
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"long march." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "long march." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-longmarc.html "long march." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-longmarc.html |
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Long March
Long March (Oct.1934–Oct.1935) A march begun on 19 October 1934 by some 100,000 Communist Red Army soldiers from the Jianxi Soviet, in a successful effort to break out of Chiang Kai-shek's army's suffocating fifth encirclement. After a series of military set-backs, the military leadership passed to Mao Zedong on 8 January 1935. While the 4th Army broke away from his leadership to march to Sichuan in the south, Mao shifted the emphasis of a revolution to the countryside, and decided to lead his men to the little-populated northern area of Shaanxi. Despite constant harassment and attack by Guomindang forces, and difficult terrain along the way, he arrived with around 6,000 men in Yan'an, having covered around 6,000 miles (9,600 km) in the year. He was later joined by other groups, including remnants of the severely reduced 4th Army, so that, in all, around 30,000 survived the epic journey.
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JAN PALMOWSKI. "Long March." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Long March." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-LongMarch.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Long March." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-LongMarch.html |
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Long March
Long March (1934–35) The epic withdrawal of the Chinese communists from south-eastern to north-western China. By 1934 the Jiangxi Soviet was close to collapse after repeated attacks by the KUOMINTANG army. In October a force of 100,000 evacuated the area. MAO ZEDONG took over the leadership of the march in January 1935. For nine months it travelled through mountainous terrain cut by several major rivers. In October Mao and 6000 survivors reached Yan'an, having marched 9600 km (6000 miles). Other groups arrived later, in all about 20,000 surviving the journey. The march established Mao as the effective leader of the Chinese Communist Party, a position he consolidated in his ten years in Yan'an.
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Cite this article
"Long March." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Long March." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-LongMarch.html "Long March." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-LongMarch.html |
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Long March
Long March Enforced march of the Chinese Red Army during the war against the nationalist (Kuomintang) forces. Led by Zhu De and Mao Zedong, 90,000 communist troops, accompanied by c.15,000 civilians, broke through a Nationalist encirclement of their headquarters and marched some 10,000km (6000mi) from Jiangsu province, se China, to Shanxi province in the nw. Under frequent attack, the communists suffered 45,000 casualties. The march prevented the extermination of the Communist Party by the Nationalists.
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"Long March." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Long March." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-LongMarch.html "Long March." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-LongMarch.html |
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