lichen zone

lichen zone

lichen zone An area with a characteristic lichen flora ranging from complete absence to a full complement of foliose and fruticose species, depending on the level and type of air pollution present in the area. The standardized lichen zones for England and Wales range from zone 0 (complete absence), typical of heavily polluted industrial areas, to zone 10, in which bearded lichens (e.g. Usnea and Ramalina species) are present in association with many other species. Zone 10 is typical of unpolluted areas in which virtually no sulphur dioxide, fluorine compounds, or other air pollutants are present.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "lichen zone." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "lichen zone." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O7-lichenzone.html

MICHAEL ALLABY. "lichen zone." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O7-lichenzone.html

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lichen zone

lichen zone An area with a characteristic lichen flora ranging from complete absence to a full complement of foliose and fruticose species, depending on the level and type of air pollution present in the area. The standardized lichen zones for England and Wales range from zone 0 (complete absence) typical of heavily polluted industrial areas, to zone 10 in which bearded lichens (e.g Usnea and Ramalina species) are present in association with many other species. Zone 10 is typical of unpolluted areas in which virtually no sulphur dioxide, fluorine compounds, or other air pollutants are present.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "lichen zone." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "lichen zone." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O14-lichenzone.html

MICHAEL ALLABY. "lichen zone." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O14-lichenzone.html

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