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kibbutz

A Dictionary of Contemporary World History | 2004 | | Â© A Dictionary of Contemporary World History 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

kibbutz (‘group’) A cooperative venture in Israel, usually agricultural, but sometimes industrial. It is owned collectively by its members, rather than by constituent families, whose children are educated collectively. Kibbutzim were first introduced in 1909 in an effort to combine socialism and Zionism. As tension developed with Arabs, they took on responsibility for their own defence. They became an important pillar of the Israeli economy, but during the 1980s they began to face problems of recruitment. In addition, many kibbutzim became less radical, as previous ideals such as the common rearing of children became more controversial.

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JAN PALMOWSKI. "kibbutz." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 17 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JAN PALMOWSKI. "kibbutz." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (December 17, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-kibbutz.html

JAN PALMOWSKI. "kibbutz." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved December 17, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-kibbutz.html

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kibbutz

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Â© The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable 2006, originally published by Oxford University Press 2006. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

kibbutz a communal settlement in Israel, typically a farm.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "kibbutz." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 17 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "kibbutz." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (December 17, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-kibbutz.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "kibbutz." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. Oxford University Press. 2006. Retrieved December 17, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-kibbutz.html

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Kibbutz

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions | 1997 | | Â© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions 1997, originally published by Oxford University Press 1997. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Kibbutz. Voluntary agricultural collective in Erez Israel. The first kibbutz to be founded was En Harol in 1921, and the founding of kibbutzim (pl.) has had an important part in the pioneering settlement of the land.

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JOHN BOWKER. "Kibbutz." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 17 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Kibbutz." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (December 17, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Kibbutz.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Kibbutz." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved December 17, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Kibbutz.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	The Kibbutz: Uncovering the Utopian Dimension(). Magazine article from: Utopian Studies; 1/1/1999*
	The Kibbutz Movement: A History.(Review) Magazine article from: Utopian Studies; 1/1/1999
	Eli Avrahami. Kibbutz: An Evolving Community.(Review) Magazine article from: Utopian Studies; 1/1/1999

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	Kibbutz Tzuba: meeting the social and economic challenges of a changing Israeli society.(CASE NOTES)(Case study) Magazine article from: Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies; 3/1/2007; ; 700+ words ; ...environment in which a particular kibbutz, Kibbutz Tzuba, operates. Like other kibbutzim, Kibbutz Tzuba was founded as a socialistic agricultural...opportunities. CASE OVERVIEW Like all other kibbutzim, Kibbutz Tzuba was founded as a socialistic agricultural...
	Kibbutzim drop plans to house Gaza settlers Newspaper article from: Jerusalem Post; 5/27/2005; ; 666 words ; ...financial investment. Kibbutz Mefalsim, Karmiya, and Or Haner are the only kibbutzim that are actively building...families to settle in kibbutzim and small towns in the...spokesperson of the Kibbutz movement said they are...amount. Among the three kibbutzim that are still absorbing...
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	Kibbutzim make about-face to future Newspaper article from: Jerusalem Post; 12/23/2003; ; 537 words ; ...director of the Kibbutz Movement. About 165 of the 257 kibbutzim have embraced...called "new kibbutzim." "After...defensive, the kibbutz movement is...cooperatives, the kibbutzim promised the...would remain in kibbutz ownership...
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