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gibberellins
gibberellins , a group of growth-regulating substances of plants, having complex chemical structure, of which the best known, gibberellic acid, is noted for its promotion of stem growth. In Japan it was long known that when rice seedlings were attacked by the fungus Gibberella fujikuroi they would grow to several times their normal height and then die, a phenomenon the Japanese called "the foolish seedling disease." A substance that caused these same effects was isolated from the fungus and named gibberellin. Other gibberellins exist rather widely in plants, and only an excess appears to cause abnormal effects. Gibberellins are used commercially in agriculture and horticulture to break dormancy, to speed up flowering and fruiting, and to stimulate the production of seedless fruits in the absence of pollination. |
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"gibberellins." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "gibberellins." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-gibberel.html "gibberellins." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-gibberel.html |
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gibberellin
gibberellin The generic name of a group of plant hormones that stimulate the growth of leaves and shoots. Unlike auxins, they tend to affect the whole plant and do not induce localized bending movements. They are thought to act either at a transcriptional level or as inducers of enzymes. Gibberellins were first isolated from a fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi, and were found to be the cause of bakanae disease (a disease of rice, known in Japan as ‘foolish seedling disease’), in which affected plants grow unusually tall but seldom survive to maturity.
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MICHAEL ALLABY. "gibberellin." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL ALLABY. "gibberellin." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O7-gibberellin.html MICHAEL ALLABY. "gibberellin." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O7-gibberellin.html |
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gibberellin
gibberellin Any of a group of plant growth substances chemically related to terpenes and occurring naturally in plants and fungi. They promote elongation of stems, e.g. bolting in cabbage plants, and the mobilization of food reserves in germinating seeds, and are influential in inducing flowering and fruit development. Commercially available gibberellins, such as gibberellic acid, are used to manipulate the onset of sexual maturity in various species, e.g. to induce cone-bearing in young conifer trees.
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"gibberellin." A Dictionary of Biology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "gibberellin." A Dictionary of Biology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O6-gibberellin.html "gibberellin." A Dictionary of Biology. 2004. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O6-gibberellin.html |
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gibberellin
gib·ber·el·lin / ˌjibəˈrelin/ • n. any of a group of plant hormones that stimulate stem elongation, germination, and flowering. |
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"gibberellin." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "gibberellin." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-gibberellin.html "gibberellin." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-gibberellin.html |
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gibberellin
gibberellin Any of a group of plant hormones that stimulate cell division, stem elongation and response to light and temperature. They have been used to increase crop yields.
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"gibberellin." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "gibberellin." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-gibberellin.html "gibberellin." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-gibberellin.html |
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