fumaric acid

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fumaric acid

fumaric acid or trans -butenedioic acid, HO ₂ CCH[symbol]CHCO ₂ H, unsaturated dicarboxylic acid that melts at 287°C. Maleic acid, or cis -butenedioic acid, is a geometric isomer of fumaric acid; it melts at about 140°C. Of the two isomers fumaric acid is the more stable and can be prepared from maleic acid by heating it. Fumaric acid can be prepared by catalytic oxidation of benzene or by bacterial action on glucose. It is found in small amounts in a variety of plants and is essential to the respiration of animal and vegetable tissue. Fumaric acid is used as a substitute for tartaric acid in beverages and baking powder. It is used as a mordant in dyeing and in the manufacture of synthetic resins and polyhydric alcohols.

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"fumaric acid." The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 19 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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fumaric acid

A Dictionary of Zoology | 1999 | | Â© A Dictionary of Zoology 1999, originally published by Oxford University Press 1999. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

fumaric acid A dicarboxylic acid that is an important intermediate in the citric-acid cycle.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "fumaric acid." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 19 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "fumaric acid." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (December 19, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-fumaricacid.html

MICHAEL ALLABY. "fumaric acid." A Dictionary of Zoology. 1999. Retrieved December 19, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O8-fumaricacid.html

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fumaric acid

A Dictionary of Plant Sciences | 1998 | | Â© A Dictionary of Plant Sciences 1998, originally published by Oxford University Press 1998. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

fumaric acid A dicarboxylic acid that is an important intermediate in the citric-acid cycle.

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MICHAEL ALLABY. "fumaric acid." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 19 Dec. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

MICHAEL ALLABY. "fumaric acid." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (December 19, 2009). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O7-fumaricacid.html

MICHAEL ALLABY. "fumaric acid." A Dictionary of Plant Sciences. 1998. Retrieved December 19, 2009 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O7-fumaricacid.html

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