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foehn
foehn , warm, dry wind that occurs on the leeward slopes of a ridge of mountains. The term was originally applied to a wind of the Alps but is now used as a generic term for all winds of this type. In other parts of the world the various foehn winds have often been given local names, e.g., the chinook over the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mts., the "sky sweeper" over Majorca, and the aspre over the Garonne plain of France. A foehn originates as follows: Air is first forced upward over the windward mountain slopes, cooling as it encounters the lower pressures of higher altitudes. If, however, it reaches its condensation temperature, the cooling is somewhat reduced owing to the release of latent heat that results from water vapor condensing into liquid water. As the air flows downward over the leeward slopes, it is warmed as it encounters the greater pressures of lower altitudes. This warming, however, is greater than the cooling that occurred during the ascent if heat was added to the air as a result of condensation, so that the air is both warmer and drier than originally. The foehn occurs when the circulation is strong enough to force air over the mountains in a relatively short period of time. The nature of the foehn in a particular locale depends on the topography, the strength and direction of circulation, and the moisture supply on the windward side of the mountains. The chinook, for example, generally blows from the southwest and sometimes raises temperatures by as much as 20°F (7°C) in 15 min. |
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Cite this article
"foehn." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "foehn." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-foehn.html "foehn." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-foehn.html |
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föhn wall
föhn wall(foehn wall) A mass of cap cloud and associated precipitation over windward slopes and parts of leeward slopes on mountain barriers, resulting from the föhn effect (see föhn wind).
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Cite this article
MICHAEL ALLABY. "föhn wall." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL ALLABY. "föhn wall." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O14-fhnwall.html MICHAEL ALLABY. "föhn wall." A Dictionary of Ecology. 2004. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O14-fhnwall.html |
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föhn wall
föhn wall (foehn wall) Mass of cap cloud and associated precipitation over windward slopes and parts of leeward slopes on mountain barriers, resulting from the föhn effect (see FÖHN WIND).
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Cite this article
AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "föhn wall." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "föhn wall." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-fhnwall.html AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "föhn wall." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-fhnwall.html |
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