chen-yen

chen-yen

chen-yen (Chin.). A Chinese Buddhist translation of the Sanskrit terms mantra and dhāraṇī. In the Chinese Buddhist context it refers to oral formulae of any length whose power resides in their sounds rather than their meanings, and which are usually phonetic reproductions of Sanskrit originals. Chinese characters were either adapted or invented in order to represent these sounds and preserve them in writing. These formulae are also referred to as chou, or spells.

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DAMIEN KEOWN. "chen-yen." A Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

DAMIEN KEOWN. "chen-yen." A Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O108-chenyen.html

DAMIEN KEOWN. "chen-yen." A Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O108-chenyen.html

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Chen-yen

Chen-yen (Chinese Esoteric Buddhism): see BUDDHISM IN CHINA; SHINGON.

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JOHN BOWKER. "Chen-yen." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Chen-yen." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Chenyen.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Chen-yen." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Chenyen.html

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