Language and Linguistics

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BLACK ENGLISH

Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language | 1998 | | Copyright

BLACK ENGLISH. A controversial term for the English of people of African origin or for English in Black Africa. In the US, the term generally refers to the VERNACULARS of descendants of slaves, some called dialects, some creoles. In the UK, the term generally refers to the usage of West Indian immigrant communities. The term white English has occasionally been used in contrast: ‘local “white” English, BBC English’ ( David Sutcliffe, ‘British Black English and West Indian Creoles’, in P. Trudgill (ed.), Language in the British Isles, 1984). See AFRICAN-AMERICAN VERNACULAR ENGLISH.

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TOM McARTHUR. "BLACK ENGLISH." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

TOM McARTHUR. "BLACK ENGLISH." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O29-BLACKENGLISH.html

TOM McARTHUR. "BLACK ENGLISH." Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. 1998. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O29-BLACKENGLISH.html

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black English

The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English | 2009 | Copyright

black Eng·lish • n. any of various nonstandard forms of English spoken by black people, esp. as an urban dialect in the U.S.

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"black English." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"black English." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-blackenglish.html

"black English." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-blackenglish.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Ebonics is not Black English. Magazine article from: The Western Journal of Black Studies; 6/22/1998
	`Black English' pushed for `bilingual' education.(A) Newspaper article from: The Washington Times (Washington, DC); 11/28/1996
	In Twin Cities, black English debate isn't a clear-cut issue; Educators say... Newspaper article from: Star Tribune (Minneapolis, MN); 12/22/1996