Chinese Political Geography

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names Further reading

Yining

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Yining or Gulja , city (1994 est. pop. 197,500), W Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, on the Ili River in the Dzungarian basin. An old commercial center trading in tea and cattle, it is still and agricultural area with extensive livestock raising. It has fruit orchards, and iron and coal are mined nearby. Yining was seized by the Russians in 1871 but was restored to China in 1881. It became the capital of an autonomous district in 1954. The names were formerly spelled Ining and Kuldja.

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Yining

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names | 2005 | | Copyright

Yining, Sinkiang Uighur Autonomous Region/China Ningyuan The first syllable comes from yī, a reference to the Yili Hasake region and níng is ‘peace’. There was an ancient kingdom called Yili in this area. The city is called Gulya by the Uighurs meaning the ‘Golden Roofed Temple’, a reference to the temple to the north‐east built at the end of the Ming dynasty (1368–1644).

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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Yining." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Yining." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Yining.html

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Yining." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Yining.html

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