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X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry An analytical method which can be used to determine the concentration of a wide range of chemical elements, using the intensity of their fluorescent X-rays. An X-ray beam is used to excite atoms in a sample; electrons near the nucleus emit secondary or fluorescent X-rays on reversion to their original states. Short-wavelength X-rays are sorted by diffraction in a pure analysing crystal of known d-spacing (see COVALENT RADIUS). Since nλ = 2d sinθ (see BRAGG EQUATION), θ can be set to a value and radiation detected for a unique wavelength characteristic of the element being analysed. The intensity of the radiation measured, relative to a standard, is proportional to the concentration of the element. It is an important technique in the geochemical analysis of rocks.
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AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray fluorescence spectrometry." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray fluorescence spectrometry." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-Xrayfluorescencespctrmtry.html AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray fluorescence spectrometry." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-Xrayfluorescencespctrmtry.html |
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X-ray spectrometer
X-ray spectrometer An instrument for measuring the secondary X-rays emitted when the inner electrons of an atom (W, Au, etc.) are activated by a primary hard X-ray beam. The content of nearly all elements with an atomic weight greater than that of sodium can be estimated.
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Cite this article
AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray spectrometer." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray spectrometer." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-Xrayspectrometer.html AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray spectrometer." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-Xrayspectrometer.html |
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X-ray fluorescence
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Cite this article
AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray fluorescence." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray fluorescence." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-Xrayfluorescence.html AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "X-ray fluorescence." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-Xrayfluorescence.html |
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