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Wittenberg
Wittenberg , city (1994 pop. 53,374), Saxony-Anhalt, E Germany, on the Elbe River. A city with a noted history, it is today an industrial and mining center and a rail junction. Manufactures include chemicals and fertilizer. First mentioned in the late 12th cent., Wittenberg was (1273–1422) the seat of the Ascanian dukes of Saxe-Wittenberg (see Saxony ), who in 1356 became electors of Saxony. In 1423, Saxe-Wittenberg passed to the margraves of Meissen (members of the house of Wettin ), who in 1425 were given electoral rank. Elector Frederick III founded (1502) the Univ. of Wittenberg, which became the center of the Protestant Reformation when Martin Luther and Philip Melanchthon taught there. In 1517, Luther nailed his 95 theses on the door of the Schlosskirche [castle church], and in 1520 he burned the papal bull against him outside the Elster gate. The first complete Lutheran Bible was printed (1534) at Wittenberg. Primarily the focus of the Lutheran Reformation, 16th-century Wittenberg was also a center of German art. Lucas Cranach, the elder, founded a school of painting there. In 1547 Emperor Charles V captured Wittenberg after the battle of Mühlberg, where Elector John Frederick I of Saxony was captured. By the Capitulation of Wittenberg, in the same year, John Frederick, representing the Ernestine line of the house of Wettin, ceded the electoral dignity and the duchy of Saxony to Maurice, of the collateral Albertine line. The city declined after 1547, when Dresden, residence of the Albertine dukes, replaced it as Saxon capital. In 1815 Wittenberg passed to Prussia, and in 1817 the Univ. of Wittenberg was absorbed by the Univ. of Halle. Among Wittenberg's most notable structures are the Schlosskirche (15th cent.), where Luther and Melanchthon are buried; the town church (14th–15th cent.), where Luther preached; the houses where Luther, Melanchthon, and Lucas Cranach, the elder, lived; and the city hall (16th cent.). |
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"Wittenberg." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Wittenberg." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Wittenbe.html "Wittenberg." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Wittenbe.html |
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Wittenberg
Wittenberg Town on the River Elbe, Sachsen-Anhalt, e central Germany. Founded by Frederick III, Wittenberg's university became the cradle of the Protestant Reformation during the time Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchthon were teaching there. Today, Wittenberg is primarily a mining and industrial centre, producing chemicals, rubber goods, machinery, and foodstuffs. Pop. (1998) 50,950.
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"Wittenberg." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Wittenberg." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Wittenberg.html "Wittenberg." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-Wittenberg.html |
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Wittenberg
Wittenberg, the cradle of the Reformation. M. Luther became a professor at its university in 1508. In 1517 he affixed his 95 theses against indulgences to the door of the Schlosskirche, and in 1522 Protestant public worship was celebrated for the first time in the parish church here.
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Wittenberg." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Wittenberg." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Wittenberg.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Wittenberg." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Wittenberg.html |
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Wittenberg
Wittenberg a town in eastern Germany, on the River Elbe north-east of Leipzig, which was the scene in 1517 of Martin Luther's campaign against the Roman Catholic Church, a major factor in the rise of the Reformation.
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Wittenberg." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Wittenberg." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Wittenberg.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Wittenberg." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Wittenberg.html |
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Wittenberg
Wittenberg
•Berg, burg, erg, exergue
•Hamburg • Battenberg • Strasberg
•Habsburg • Salzburg • Strasbourg
•Pressburg • Spielberg • Tilburg
•Lindbergh, Strindberg
•Wittenberg • Vicksburg • Pittsburgh
•Ginsberg • Johannesburg
•Königsberg • Gettysburg • Freiburg
•Heidelberg • Heisenberg • iceberg
•Bromberg, homburg, Romberg
•Gothenburg • Warburg • Jo'burg
•Gutenberg • Duisburg • Magdeburg
•Brandenburg • Hindenburg
•Mecklenburg • Wallenberg
•Orenburg • Nuremberg
•Luxembourg • St Petersburg
•Williamsburg • Schoenberg
•Würzburg • Esbjerg
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"Wittenberg." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Wittenberg." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Wittenberg.html "Wittenberg." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Wittenberg.html |
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