Biblical Proper Names

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Urim and Thummim

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions | 1997 | | Copyright

Urim and Thummim. A priestly device for telling oracles in the ancient Israelite religion. The high priest wore the Urim and Thummim on his breastplate. It was used for questioning God on behalf of the ruler (Numbers 27. 21) and it seems to have given a ‘yes-or-no’ answer (1 Samuel 23. 10–12). The underlying meaning of the two words is not known.

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JOHN BOWKER. "Urim and Thummim." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Urim and Thummim." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-UrimandThummim.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Urim and Thummim." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-UrimandThummim.html

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Urim and Thummim

A Dictionary of the Bible | 1997 | | Copyright

Urim and Thummim A means by which leaders of the Israelites believed they could receive divine guidance (Deut. 33: 8). They had disappeared from use by the time of the Exile. They may have been objects such as pebbles, or two stones (one white, one black) held by priests in their garments, and thrown to give answers (1 Sam. 14: 41).

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W. R. F. BROWNING. "Urim and Thummim." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

W. R. F. BROWNING. "Urim and Thummim." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-UrimandThummim.html

W. R. F. BROWNING. "Urim and Thummim." A Dictionary of the Bible. 1997. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O94-UrimandThummim.html

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Urim and Thummim

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

Urim and Thummim two objects of a now unknown nature, possibly used for divination, worn on the breastplate of a Jewish high priest. They are first mentioned in the Bible at Exodus 28:30, and the role of Urim is hinted at in Numbers 27:21 and I Samuel 28:6.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Urim and Thummim." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Urim and Thummim." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-UrimandThummim.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Urim and Thummim." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-UrimandThummim.html

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Urim and Thummim

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Urim and Thummim , in the Bible, name of sacred instruments used for casting lots . The meaning of the two names is uncertain, as is the nature of the lots. They were in some way connected, however, with the ephod .

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"Urim and Thummim." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Urim and Thummim." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-UrimNThu.html

"Urim and Thummim." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-UrimNThu.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Magic and Divination in Ancient Palestine and Syria.(Review) Magazine article from: The Journal of the American Oriental Society; 10/1/1998
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