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Missouri Ex Rel. Gaines v. Canada
Missouri Ex Rel. Gaines v. Canada, 305 U.S. 337 (1938), argued 9 Nov. 1938, decided 12 Dec. 1938 by vote of 6 to 2; Hughes for the Court, McReynolds, joined by Butler, in dissent, Cardozo had died.
This case provided an early test in the campaign, launched by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1930, to challenge the separate but equal principle that required racial segregation in public educational institutions. Lloyd L. Gaines, an African‐American resident, sought admission to Missouri's all‐white law school in the absence of a facility for blacks. Predictably, the University of Missouri denied Gaines's application on racial grounds and state courts upheld the denial. Gaines's attorney, Charles H. Houston, then sought from the U.S. Supreme Court a writ of mandamus to compel Gaines's admission to the all‐white law school, and the Supreme Court granted certiorari. Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes, for the majority, ordered Gaines admitted to the all‐white facility, dismissing the state's offer to pay Gaines's tuition to an out of state law school as inadequate to the requirements of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Nor was Hughes persuaded that Missouri's stated intention to develop a law school for blacks at state‐supported Lincoln University would meet the separate but equal test. The Gaines case thus became a pivotal event in the NAACP's campaign to overturn the separate but equal standard. While the Court did not repudiate segregation, the case signaled a new urgency in evaluating the standard. As for Lloyd Gaines, he never enrolled in law school. Shortly after the Court rendered its opinion, he disappeared, never to be heard from again. See also Race and Racism. Augustus M. Burns III |
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Cite this article
KERMIT L. HALL. "Missouri Ex Rel. Gaines v. Canada." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. KERMIT L. HALL. "Missouri Ex Rel. Gaines v. Canada." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-MissouriExRelGainesvCanad.html KERMIT L. HALL. "Missouri Ex Rel. Gaines v. Canada." The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States. 2005. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O184-MissouriExRelGainesvCanad.html |
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Missouri Repertory Theatre
Missouri Repertory Theatre (Kansas City). Begun by Dr. Patricia McIlrath in 1964 as a summer theatre presented by the University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC), the company became a full‐time producer of plays in 1977. Two years later the group moved into the 733‐seat Helen F. Spenser Theatre on the UMKC campus but became a separate entity, although the academic professional training program in theatre is closely associated with the university. In addition to its usual schedule of revivals and some new works, the company has been touring longer than any other professional regional theatre.
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Cite this article
Gerald Bordman and Thomas S. Hischak. "Missouri Repertory Theatre." The Oxford Companion to American Theatre. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. Gerald Bordman and Thomas S. Hischak. "Missouri Repertory Theatre." The Oxford Companion to American Theatre. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O149-MissouriRepertoryTheatre.html Gerald Bordman and Thomas S. Hischak. "Missouri Repertory Theatre." The Oxford Companion to American Theatre. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O149-MissouriRepertoryTheatre.html |
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University of Missouri
University of Missouri at Columbia (main campus), Rolla, Kansas City, and St. Louis; land-grant and state supported; coeducational; chartered 1839, opened 1841. It is the oldest state university W of the Mississippi; its journalism school was the first (1908) in the world. There are medical schools at Columbia and Kansas City. Programs in mining and metallurgy and the mining experiment station are at Rolla. Other research facilities include the Freedom of Information Center, Dalton Research Reactor, and Center for the Study of Aging at Columbia and the Center for Molecular Studies at St. Louis. |
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Cite this article
"University of Missouri." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "University of Missouri." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-MissouriU.html "University of Missouri." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-MissouriU.html |
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