CIS and Baltic Political Geography

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names Further reading

Tver

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Tver , formerly Kalinin , city (1989 pop. 451,000), capital of Tver region, central European Russia, at the confluence of the Volga and Tver rivers. A major port on the upper Volga, it is linked with Moscow by the Moscow Canal. An industrial center, Tver has industries producing linen textiles, light machinery, and rolling stock. The city grew around a fort established in the late 12th cent. It was early an important trade center, and from the mid-13th cent. until the late 14th cent. it was the seat of a powerful principality that rivaled Moscow. It was subjugated (1475–85) by Ivan III, grand duke of Moscow. Tver was renamed (1931) for M. I. Kalinin, a president of the USSR. It reverted to its original name in 1992. It is the site of a cathedral and castle, both from the 17th cent.

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Tver'

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names | 2005 | | Copyright

Tver', Russia Porsy, Kalinin A former principality (1246–1485), a province since 1935, and a city founded in the 12th century at the confluence of the Tvertsa and Volga Rivers. The name may be taken from tverdynya ‘stronghold’. In 1931–6 it was called Porsy and then until 1990 it was named, at the inhabitants' request, after Mikhail Kalinin^† who was born here.

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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Tver'." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Tver'." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Tver.html

JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Tver'." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Tver.html

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