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Theotokos

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | 2000 | | Copyright

Theotokos, the ‘one who gave birth to God’, a title of the BVM. The word became a popular term of devotion. In 429 it was attacked by the Nestorians as incompatible with the full humanity of Christ, and ‘Christotokos’ was proposed in its place. It was defended by St Cyril of Alexandria and upheld at the Councils of Ephesus (431) and Chalcedon (451). Its orthodoxy was then generally accepted.

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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Theotokos." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Theotokos." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Theotokos.html

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Theotokos." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Theotokos.html

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Theotokos

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions | 1997 | | Copyright

Theotokos (Gk., ‘God-bearer’). Title of the Virgin Mary. It was used from Origen onwards, and became both a term of devotion and a mark of accepting the divinity of Christ. The usual Latin equivalent is Dei Genitrix, ‘Mother of God’, or less usually, Deipara, as in Bacon's Confession of Faith, ‘The blessed Virgin may be truly and catholicly called Deipara’ (c.1600).

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JOHN BOWKER. "Theotokos." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Theotokos." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Theotokos.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Theotokos." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Theotokos.html

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Theotokos

The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable | 2006 | | Copyright

Theotokos Mother of God (used in the Eastern Orthodox Church as a title of the Virgin Mary); the word is ecclesiastical Greek, and comes from theos ‘god’ + -tokos ‘bringing forth’.

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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Theotokos." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Theotokos." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Theotokos.html

ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Theotokos." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-Theotokos.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Images of the Mother God: Perceptions of the Theotokos in Byzantium.(Further... Magazine article from: Medium Aevum; 9/22/2005
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