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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant. An agreement between the Long Parliament and the Scots brought about by the failure of Parliament's war against the king. Adopted by the Scots Estates on 17 August 1643 and sworn by members of the House of Commons on 25 September, the covenant promised to reform religion in England and Ireland on presbyterian lines. In return, the Scots undertook to invade England with an army of 20,000. The Scots kept the bargain, which turned the tide of the Civil War against the king. But Parliament's half-heartedness in adopting presbyterianism prompted the Scots to transfer their support to the king in 1648 when he recognized the validity of the covenant as a voluntary engagement. Charles II was also required to swear the covenant when he was crowned king of Scotland in 1650.
Ian Gentles |
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JOHN CANNON. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html JOHN CANNON. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant (1643), an agreement between Scots and English opponents of Charles I. For the Scots the primary commitment of the Covenant was religious, to preserve and advance the Reformation in the kingdoms of the British crown; for the English it was political, to secure the rights and liberties of both parliaments. Both agreed to extirpate popery, prelacy, and heresy, and Scottish commissioners were to attend the Westminster Assembly set up to reform the church. The Scots believed that reformation ‘according to the Word of God’ meant the establishment of Presbyterianism. When the English parliament, victorious over Charles, opted for Independency, the Presbytery of Ulster were among those who protested, reaffirming their adherence to the Covenant.
R. F. G. Holmes |
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"Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant. The agreement between the Scots and the English Parliament in 1643. Its professed aims were the maintenance of the Presbyterian Church of Scotland, the reformation of the Church of England, uniformity of the Churches in the British Isles, the preservation of the rights of Parliaments and the liberties of the kingdoms, and defence of the just power of the King. For a time the proceedings of the Westminster Assembly took a Presbyterian turn, but after 1644 the Independents came to power and the Covenant was a dead letter in England.
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant (1643) The agreement between the English Parliament and Scottish COVENANTERS during the ENGLISH CIVIL WAR. It undertook that the Presbyterian Church of Scotland was to be preserved, and the Anglican Church was to be reformed. The Scots soon realized that Presbyterianism would not be imposed on England by the specially established Westminster Assembly of Divines. This put considerable strain upon the other aspect of the agreement: Scottish military aid for Parliament in return for £30,000 per month.
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"Solemn League and Covenant." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Solemn League and Covenant." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html "Solemn League and Covenant." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant An agreement between the Long Parliament and the Scots brought about by the failure of Parliament's war against the king. Adopted by the Scots Estates on 17 August 1643 and sworn by members of the House of Commons on 25 September, the covenant promised to reform religion in England and Ireland on presbyterian lines. In return, the Scots undertook to invade England with an army of 20,000.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Solemn League and Covenant." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Solemn League and Covenant." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html JOHN CANNON. "Solemn League and Covenant." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant (September 1643) Agreement between the Long Parliament and the Scots during the English Civil War. In return for Parliament's promise to reorganize the established Church on a Presbyterian basis, the Scots agreed to raise an army in the North of England against Charles I. The Scottish help led directly to the Parliamentary victory over the Royalists at Marston Moor.
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Cite this article
"Solemn League and Covenant." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Solemn League and Covenant." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html "Solemn League and Covenant." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant an agreement made in 1643 between the English Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters during the English Civil War, by which the Scots would provide military aid in return for the establishment of a Presbyterian system in England, Scotland, and Ireland.
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ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html ELIZABETH KNOWLES. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable. 2006. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O214-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant (in defence of Scottish Presbyterianism): see COVENANTERS.
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JOHN BOWKER. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html JOHN BOWKER. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-SolemnLeagueandCovenant.html |
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Solemn League and Covenant
Solemn League and Covenant see Covenanters . |
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Cite this article
"Solemn League and Covenant." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Solemn League and Covenant." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 26, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-SolemnLe.html "Solemn League and Covenant." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-SolemnLe.html |
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