Food and Cooking

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shortening

A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition | 2005 | | Copyright

shortening Soft fats that produce a crisp, flaky effect in baked products. Lard possesses the correct properties to a greater extent than any other single fat. Shortenings compounded from mixtures of fats or prepared by hydrogenation are still called lard compounds or lard substitutes.

Unlike oils, shortenings are plastic and disperse as a film through the batter and prevent the formation of a hard, tough mass.

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DAVID A. BENDER. "shortening." A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

DAVID A. BENDER. "shortening." A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-shortening.html

DAVID A. BENDER. "shortening." A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition. 2005. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O39-shortening.html

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shortening

A Dictionary of Earth Sciences | 1999 | | Copyright

shortening The reduction in length of a line as a result of strain, e.g. by thickening, folding, thrusting, or the loss of material by solution. Simple shortening may be calculated using the same equation as for extension (e): e = (L_F−L_O)/L_O, where L_F is the final length and L_O the original length; if e has a negative value when calculated from this equation, the line has been shortened.

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AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "shortening." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "shortening." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-shortening.html

AILSA ALLABY and MICHAEL ALLABY. "shortening." A Dictionary of Earth Sciences. 1999. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O13-shortening.html

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shortening

The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English | 2009 | Copyright

short·en·ing / ˈshôrtning; ˈshôrtn-ing/ • n. butter or other fat used for making pastry or bread.

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"shortening." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. 29 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"shortening." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Encyclopedia.com. (May 29, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-shortening.html

"shortening." The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English. 2009. Retrieved May 29, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-shortening.html

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