Roman Catholic Popes and Antipopes

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church Further reading

Saint Martin I

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Saint Martin I d. 655?, pope (649–55?), an Italian, b. Todi; successor of Theodore I. On his accession he summoned a great council at the Lateran, as St. Maximus had urged, to deal with Monotheletism , discussion of which had been forbidden by Byzantine Emperor Constans II . The council condemned all Monothelete utterances, including the imperial edicts of Heraclius ( Ecthesis ) and Constans ( Typus ) and the private letter of Pope Honorius I . It also enunciated the Catholic dogma of two natures, two wills, and two energies in one Person in Jesus. Martin issued an encyclical confirming the council's acts. To punish his defiance Constans ordered Martin taken to Naxos and imprisoned with great privations. Later, he was publicly humiliated in Constantinople and finally exiled in the Crimea. He soon died there and was immediately acclaimed a martyr (the last pope to be martyred) by Catholics of East and West. He was succeeded by St. Eugene I. Feast: Nov. 12.

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Martin I, St

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | 2000 | | Copyright

Martin I, St (d. 655), Pope from 649. He was a vigorous opponent of the Monothelites. He refused to sign the Typos of the Emp. Constans II and was eventually arrested, taken to Constantinople, and banished to the Crimea; he died soon afterwards. He is the last Pope who is venerated as a martyr. Feast day, 13 Apr.; in the E. also 20 Sept.; in the W. formerly 12 Nov.

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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Martin I, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Martin I, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-MartinISt.html

E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Martin I, St." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-MartinISt.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Saint Martin of Tours and the new world of public policy. (limited resources) Magazine article from: The Humanist; 9/1/1993
	RETIRED AMRY MAJOR HONORED WITH SAINT MARTIN MEDALLION.(VIRGINIA BEACH BEACON) Newspaper article from: The Virginian-Pilot (Norfolk, VA); 1/31/1999
	Saints sinned against; CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE: Referee Alan Freeland is under... Newspaper article from: The Mail on Sunday (London, England); 8/19/2007