Saint Andrews

Saint Andrews town (1991 pop. 11,302), Fife, E Scotland, on the North Sea. A summer resort, it is famous for its golf courses. It was the seat of an archbishop from 908 and the ecclesiastical capital of Scotland until the Reformation. St. Andrews Cathedral, the largest in Scotland, but now a ruin, was founded in 1160 and plundered by Protestants in 1559. At St. Andrews the Protestant reformers Patrick Hamilton and George Wishart were burned. Protestants, among them John Knox , seized the bishop's palace (now also a ruin) in 1546 and held it for a year against siege by the French forces of Mary of Guise. The Univ. of St. Andrews, which dates from 1410, is the oldest in Scotland. The Royal and Ancient Golf Club is there.

Saint Andrews, Canada, New Zealand, UK UK (Scotland): earlier Kilrimont ‘Church of the Royal Mount’. The earliest recorded form of the name, Cind righ monaigh, is an indication that Gaelic cinn ‘end’ had been replaced by cill ‘church’. It was renamed Sancti Andree after the patron saint of Scotland after his relics had been brought here by St Rule, possibly in the 4th century. He built a shrine for them and the church was dedicated to St Andrew in the 8th century.