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Rutland
Rutland was for more than seven centuries a tiny county, some 17 miles across, and only one-fortieth the size of Yorkshire. It had no clear geographical definition but was pleasant, gentle, wooded countryside, hunted from the 1720s by the Cottesmore. There were only two towns, Oakham, the county town, and Uppingham, famous for its school, founded in 1584.
In the early Saxon period, Rutland formed part of the kingdom of the Middle Angles, and then of Mercia. The existence close at hand of Stamford, one of the five Danish boroughs, must have meant considerable Viking influence, at least in the eastern half. It had not acquired county status by the time of the Norman Conquest, but was given as their personal property to successive queens. When John granted it to Isabella in 1204, it was described as a county, and at the end of the century was given two knights of the shire, like the other counties. In the absence of much middle-class element, Rutland was totally under the domination of the gentry and nobility, particularly the owners of Exton, Burley-on-the-Hill, Normanton, Whissendine, and the Cecils of Burghley, near Stamford. Elections were very rarely contested, and the Noel family held one seat from 1727 until 1883, save for 1841–7. The county lost one of its two seats in 1885. During the Civil War, Rutland was under parliamentary control and formed part of the Midland Association, though there was skirmishing and raiding. The population in the 1970s was no more than 25,000, of whom 5,000 lived in Oakham. By the Local Government Act of 1972 the county was merged with Leicestershire, though a vigorous protest movement continued. The campaigners triumphed in 1997 when Rutland was restored as a unitary authority. J. A. Cannon |
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Rutland." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Rutland." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Rutland.html JOHN CANNON. "Rutland." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Rutland.html |
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Rutland
Rutland was for more than seven centuries a tiny county, some 17 miles across, and only one‐fortieth the size of Yorkshire. It had no clear geographical definition but was pleasant, gentle, wooded countryside, hunted from the 1720s by the Cottesmore. There were only two towns, Oakham, the county town, and Uppingham, famous for its school, founded in 1584.
It had not acquired county status by the time of the Norman Conquest, but was given as their personal property to successive queens. When John granted it to Isabella in 1204, it was described as a county, and at the end of the century was given two knights of the shire, like the other counties. By the Local Government Act of 1972 the county was merged with Leicestershire, though a vigorous protest movement continued. The protestors triumphed in 1997 when Rutland was restored as a unitary authority. |
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Rutland." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Rutland." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Rutland.html JOHN CANNON. "Rutland." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Rutland.html |
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Rutland
Rutland county (1991 pop. 32,400), 152 sq mi (394 sq km), central England; administratively, Rutland is a unitary authority (since 1997). Rutland has a rolling terrain and is a rural upland area largely devoted to tillage and pasturage. It also contains a massive artificial reservoir created in the late 1970s. Iron ore and limestone are extracted from Rutland, which also manufactures cement, clothing, electrical products, and plastics. A 12th-century castle and a 14th-century church are in the vicinity. From 1974 to 1997 Rutland was a district in Leicestershire. |
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Cite this article
"Rutland." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Rutland." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-RutlandEng.html "Rutland." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-RutlandEng.html |
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Rutland
Rutland (the county). Roteland c.1060, 1086 (DB). ‘Estate of a man called Rōta’. OE pers. name + land.
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Cite this article
A. D. MILLS. "Rutland." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. A. D. MILLS. "Rutland." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Rutland.html A. D. MILLS. "Rutland." A Dictionary of British Place-Names. 2003. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O40-Rutland.html |
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