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Ascham, Roger
Ascham, Roger (1515/16–68). Protestant classical scholar and educator, born in Yorkshire. He went up about 1530 to St John's College, Cambridge, which was already famous for piety and learning, and was there influenced by Sir John Cheke, whom he supported on Greek pronunciation. Ascham himself taught Latin, Greek, and logic, being also university public orator, and, though seemingly always subject to health and money difficulties, sought wider responsibilities. His Toxophilus, the School of Shooting (1545), a finely observed and beautifully written account of the merits of archery, ‘English matter, in the English tongue, for English men’, secured him patronage. After tutoring both Princess Elizabeth and the future Edward VI, Ascham went on embassy to Germany in 1550, and briefly visited Venice, where he found ‘all service to God lacking’. A sympathizer with Lady Jane Grey, he suffered little under Mary, for whom he acted as Latin secretary; and was in favour with Elizabeth. Ascham's best-known work, The Schoolmaster, or Plain and Perfect Way of Teaching Children the Latin Tongue (1570), advocated an education based ultimately on Quintilian, applied so as to persuade rather than force English young people to live, speak, and write well. This patriotic purpose is reinforced with dispraise of the current Italianized English fashion. Like The Schoolmaster, Ascham's Report on Germany was published posthumously.
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JOHN CANNON. "Ascham, Roger." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Ascham, Roger." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-AschamRoger.html JOHN CANNON. "Ascham, Roger." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-AschamRoger.html |
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Roger Ascham
Roger Ascham , 1515–68, English humanist and scholar, b. Yorkshire. Ascham was a major intellectual figure of the early Tudor period. His Toxophilus (1545), an essay on archery, proved him a master of English prose; in it he urged the importance of physical recreation for students and scholars. The essay won him the favor of Henry VIII, and Ascham became tutor (1548–50) to Princess Elizabeth. He seems to have been largely responsible for her love of the classics and her proficiency in Greek. As a member of a diplomatic mission Ascham spent several years on the Continent, in contact with other scholars, and in 1553 was appointed Latin secretary to Queen Mary. He continued as secretary and private tutor to Elizabeth I after Mary's death. The Scholemaster (1570), his treatise on the teaching of Latin, urged the use of the double translation method. Dr. Johnson's life of Ascham (1761), included in many editions of Ascham's collected works, is a classic.
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"Roger Ascham." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Roger Ascham." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Ascham-R.html "Roger Ascham." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Ascham-R.html |
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Ascham, Roger
Ascham, Roger (1515/16–68), educated at St John's College, Cambridge, became college reader in Greek in 1540. In 1545 he published Toxophilus, a treatise on archery, set in the form of a dialogue between Toxophilus (lover of shooting) and Philologus (lover of books); it provided the model for many later treatises in dialogue form, including The Compleat Angler. In 1554 he became Latin secretary to Queen Mary, and was renewed in this office under Elizabeth. The Scholemaster was published posthumously in 1570. Its three most distinctive features are: Ascham's dislike of corporal punishment; the Ciceronian technique of double translation, from Latin into English and back again; and his attitude to Italy. It was an immediate influence on Sidney's Defence of Poetry, as well as an important landmark in later educational theory. Ascham's English works are notable for their relaxed, personal style and for considerable economy of expression. Dr Johnson wrote an anonymous Life of Ascham to accompany James Bennet's edition of 1761.
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MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Ascham, Roger." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Ascham, Roger." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O54-AschamRoger.html MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Ascham, Roger." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O54-AschamRoger.html |
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Ascham, Roger
Ascham, Roger (1515/16–68). Protestant classical scholar, born in Yorkshire. He went up about 1530 to St John's College, Cambridge, and was there influenced by Sir John Cheke, whom he supported on Greek pronunciation. Ascham himself taught Latin, Greek, and logic, being also university public orator. His Toxophilus, the School of Shooting (1545), a beautifully written account of the merits of archery, secured him patronage. After tutoring both Princess Elizabeth and the future Edward VI, Ascham went on embassy to Germany in 1550. A sympathizer with Lady Jane Grey, he suffered little under Mary, for whom he acted as Latin secretary; and was in favour with Elizabeth. Ascham's best‐known work, The Schoolmaster, or Plain and Perfect Way of Teaching Children the Latin Tongue (1570), advocated an education based ultimately on Quintilian.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Ascham, Roger." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Ascham, Roger." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-AschamRoger.html JOHN CANNON. "Ascham, Roger." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-AschamRoger.html |
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Ascham, Roger
Ascham, Roger (c.1515–68) English humanist scholar and writer. His posts included that of tutor to the future Elizabeth I and Latin secretary to Queen Mary and later to Elizabeth. He is noted for his treatise on archery, Toxophilus (1545), and The Scholemaster (1570), a practical and influential treatise on education.
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Cite this article
"Ascham, Roger." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Ascham, Roger." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-AschamRoger.html "Ascham, Roger." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-AschamRoger.html |
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