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Peng Dehuai
Peng Dehuai ( P'eng Te-huai) (b. 1898, d. 29 Nov. 1974). Chinese general One of the most important Chinese generals. He enlisted in the Hunan provincial army in 1916 and, during the Northern Expedition, was a regimental commander in the National Revolutionary Army. A brigade commander by 1928, he joined the Chinese Communist Party and became commander of the 5th Red Army. He joined forces with Mao Zedong and Zhu De, and became deputy commander of their 4th Red Army. He played a pivotal role in the defence of the Jianxi Soviet, and in the success of the Long March, in which his unswerving support for Mao was crucial in Mao's assumption of power. He had an important role in the Chinese Civil War, and in 1950–4 commanded the Chinese forces (Chinese People's Volunteers) in the Korean War. He was in total control of the army as Minister of National Defence from 1954, but criticized the disastrous Great Leap Forward, for which he was dismissed from office. His support within the leadership ensured his continued presence in the Politburo, though he was the first victim of the Cultural Revolution, which started with defamations against him. He was imprisoned and put into solitary confinement until his death. He was rehabilitated posthumously under Deng Xiaoping, and became a symbol for Mao's authoritarian nature.
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JAN PALMOWSKI. "Peng Dehuai." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Peng Dehuai." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-PengDehuai.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Peng Dehuai." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-PengDehuai.html |
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Peng Dehuai
Peng Dehuai or P'eng Teh-huai , 1898–1974, Communist Chinese general and political leader. He held various command positions in the Red Army, and in 1934–35 he joined with Mao Zedong and Zhu De in the long march . He became well known as the originator, with Mao, of the tactics of guerrilla warfare. In the Korean War Peng commanded the Chinese Communist troops. He was minister of defense from 1954 to 1959, when, after criticizing the Great Leap Forward , he was replaced by Lin Biao . He served (1959–65) as vice premier. Peng's rivalry with Mao made him an early target of the cultural revolution, and in 1967 he disappeared from public view after being arrested and losing his governmental posts. |
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Cite this article
"Peng Dehuai." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Peng Dehuai." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-PengDehu.html "Peng Dehuai." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-PengDehu.html |
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