Paul Valéry
Paul Valéry , 1871-1945, French poet and critic. A follower of the symbolists , Valéry was one of the greatest French poets of the 20th cent. He was encouraged by Pierry Loüys and by Mallarmé to publish a few poems in several small reviews, but he soon turned from poetry to prose with La Soirée avec M. Teste (1896; tr. An Evening with Mr. Teste, 1925). In 1912, Gide and other admirers urged him to publish a collection of his early poems. A brief valedictory to poetry, which he had planned to add to the collection, grew into his masterpiece, La Jeune Parque (1917). It is a long and somewhat obscure poem, which, together with Le Cimetière marin (1920; tr. The Graveyard by the Sea, 1932), offers the best example of Valéry's poetics. In 1920 appeared Odes and Album de vers anciens, followed in 1922 by Charmes. His prose works include five collections of essays, all called Variété (1924-44; partial tr. Variety, 1927, 1938), and four dialogues on subjects ranging from the arts to mathematics and the sciences. He succeeded Anatole France in the French Academy in 1925. Between the world wars Valéry was a member of the Committee of Letters and Arts of the League of Nations, serving as its president in the 1930s. Valéry held the chair of poetry at the Collège de France. A recipient of many honors, he was accorded a state funeral at his death. Publication (in English) of a projected 15-volume edition of The Collected Works of Paul Valéry, edited by Jackson Mathews, was begun in 1956.
Bibliography: See studies by H. A. Grubbs (1968), W. N. Ince (2d ed. 1970), and C. M. Crow (1972); bibliography by A. J. Arnold (1970).
|
|
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
|
2004 Summer Olympic Games gold medallists
2004 Summer Olympic Games gold medallists ATHLETICS | Men | Country | Women | Country | Track events | 100 metres | Justin Gatlin | USA | Yuliya Nesterenko | Belarus | 200 metres | Shawn Crawford | USA | Veronica Campbell | Jamaica | 400 metres | Jeremy Wariner | USA | Tonique Williams-Darling | Bahamas | 800 metres | Yuriy Borzakovskiy | Russia | Kelly Holmes | Great Britain | 1,500 metres | Hicham El Guerrouj | Morocco | Kelly Holmes | Great Britain | 5,000 metres | Hicham El Guerrouj | Morocco | Meseret Defar | Ethiopia | 10,000 metres | Kenenisa Bekele | Ethiopia | Huina Xing | China | Marathon | Stefano Baldini | Italy | Mizuki Noguchi | Japan | 100m hurdles | -- | -- | Joanna Hayes | USA | 110m hurdles | Xiang Liu | China | -- | -- | 400m hurdles | Felix Sanchez | Dominica | Fani Halkia | Greece | 3,000m steeple | Ezekiel Kemboi | Kenya | -- | -- | 20km walk | Ivano Brugnetti | Italy | Athanasia Tsoumeleka | Greece | 50km walk | Robert Korzeniowski | Poland | -- | -- | 4 × 100m relay | Gardener/ Campbell/ Devonish/ Lewis-Francis | Great Britain | Lawrence/ Simpson/ Bailey/ Campbell | Jamaica | 4 × 400m relay | Harris/ Brew/ Wariner/ Williamson | USA | Trotter/ Henderson/ Richards/ Hennagan | USA | Field events | High jump | Stefan Holm | Sweden | Yelena Slesarenko | Russia | Long jump | Dwight Phillips | USA | Tatyana Lebedeva | Russia | Triple jump | Christian Olsson | Sweden | Francoise Mbango Etone | Cameroon | Pole vault | Timothy Mack | USA | Yelena Isinbayeva* | Russia | Javelin | Andreas Thorkildsen | Norway | Osleidys Menendez | Cuba | Shot put | Yuriy Bilonog | Ukraine | Irina Korzhanenko | Russia | Discus | Virgilijus Alekna | Lithuania | Natalya Sadova | Russia | Hammer | Koji Murofushi | Japan | Olga Kuzenkova | Russia | Multi-discipline | Heptathlon | -- | -- | Carolina Kluft | Sweden | Decathlon | Roman Sebrle | Czech R. | -- | -- | SWIMMING | Men | Country | Women | Country | 50m freestyle | Gary Hall | USA | Inge de Bruijn | Netherlands | 100m freestyle | P. van den Hoogenband | Netherlands | Jodie Henry | Australia | 200m freestyle | Ian Thorpe | Australia | Camelia Potec | Romania | 400m freestyle | Ian Thorpe | Australia | Laure Manaudou | France | 800m freestyle | -- | -- | Ai Shibata | Japan | 1500m freestyle | Grant Hackett | Australia | -- | -- | 100m breaststroke | Kosuke Kitajima | Japan | Xuejuan Luo | China | 200m breaststroke | Kosuke Kitajima | Japan | Amanda Beard | USA | 100m backstroke | Aaron Peirsol | USA | Natalie Coughlin | USA | 200m backstroke | Aaron Peirsol | USA | Kirsty Coventry | Zimbabwe | 100m butterfly | Michael Phelps | USA | Petria Thomas | Australia | 200m butterfly | Michael Phelps | USA | Otylia Jedrzejczak | Poland | 200m medley | Michael Phelps | USA | Yana Klochkova | Ukraine | 400m medley | Michael Phelps | USA | Yana Klochkova | Ukraine | 4x100m freestyle relay | Schoeman/ Ferns/ Townsend/ Neethling* | South Africa | Mills/ Lenton/ Thomas/ Henry* | Australia | 4x200m freestyle relay | Phelps/ Lochte/ Vanderkaay/ Keller | Australia | Coughlin/ Piper/ Vollmer/ Sandeno* | USA | 4x100m medley relay | Peirsol/ Hansen/ Crocker/ Lezak* | USA | Rooney/ Jones/ Thomas/ Henry* | Australia | DIVING | Men | Country | Women | Country | 3m springboard | Bo Peng | China | Jingjing Guo | China | 10m platform | Jia Hu | China | Chantelle Newbery | Australia | 3m synchronized | Nikolaos Siranidis, Thomas Bimis | Greece | Minxia Wu, Jingjing Guo | China | 10m synchronized | Liang Tian, Jinghui Yang | China | Lishi Lao, Ting Li | China | GYMNASTICS | Men | Country | Women | Country | All-round | Paul Hamm | USA | Carly Patterson | USA | Floor exercise | Kyle Shewfelt | Canada | Catalina Ponor | Romania | Balance beam | -- | -- | Catalina Ponor | Romania | Assymetrical bars | -- | -- | Emilie Lepennec | France | Rings | Dimosthenis Tampakos | Greece | -- | -- | Parallel bars | Valeri Goncharov | Ukraine | -- | -- | Horizontal bar | Igor Cassina | Italy | -- | -- | Pommel horse | Marius Daniel Urzica | Romania | -- | -- | Vault | Gervasio Deferr | Spain | Monica Rosu | Romania | Team event | Kashima/ Mizutori/ Nakano/ Tomita/ Tsukahara/ Yoneda | Japan | Ban/ Eremia/ Ponor/ Rosu/ Sofronie/ Stroescu | Romania | *New world record |
|
|
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
|
