Otto Bauer

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Otto Bauer

Otto Bauer bou´er , 1882-1938, Austrian politician. His Die Nationalitätenfrage und die Sozialdemokratie (1907) advocated creating nation-states to solve the Austro-Hungarian nationalities problem. A prisoner of war in Russia during World War I, he led the left wing of the Social Democratic party when he returned, presenting them as a third force between the Communists and nationalists in the revolution of 1918. Named secretary of foreign affairs (1918) in the new Austrian republic, he signed a secret Anschluss agreement with Germany (1919) that was repudiated by the Allies. He resigned in 1919, and led the opposition to conservative governments. He was the guiding personality of the Social Democrats and the principle advocate of unification with Germany. His second theoretical work was Die Österreichische Revolution (1923). The failure of a socialist workers' revolt (1934) led to his exile abroad. He died in Paris.

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German chancellors

World Encyclopedia | 2005 | Â© World Encyclopedia 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

German chancellors

Years	Chancellor	Party
D. Volk = German People's Party SPD = Social Democratic Party CDU = Christian Democratic Union FDP = Free Democratic Party
¹ Führer from 1934 to 1945
² Born Karl Herbert Frahm
German Empire
1871–90	Prince Otto von Bismarck-Schönhausen
1890–94	Count Leo von Caprivi
1894–00	Prince Chlodwig von Hoh.-Schillingsfirst
1900–09	Prince Bernhard von Bülow
1909–17	Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg
1917	George Michaelis
1917–18	Count George von Hertling
1918	Prince Maximilian of Baden
1918	Friedrich Ebert
Weimar Republic
1919	Philipp Scheidemann	SPD
1919–20	Gustav Bauer	SPD
1920	Hermann Müller	SPD
1920–21	Konstantin Fehrenbach	Centre-Catholic
1921–22	Joseph Wirth	Centre
1922–23	Wilhelm Cuno	――
1923	Gustav Stresemannn	D. Volk
1923–25	Wilhelm Marx	Centre
1925–26	Hans Luther	――
1926–28	Wilhelm Marx	Centre
1928–30	Hermann Müller	SPD
1930–32	Heinrich Brüning	Centre
1932	Franz von Papen	National
1932–33	Curt von Schleider	――
1933–45	Adolf Hitler¹	Nazi
Federal German Republic
1949–63	Konrad Adenauer	CDU
1963–66	Ludwig Erhard	CDU
1966–69	Kurt Georg Kiesinger	CDU
1969–74	Willy Brandt²	SPD
1974–82	Helmut Schmidt	SPD
1982–90	Helmut Kohl	CDU
Reunified Germany
1990–98	Helmut Kohl	CDU
1998–	Gerhard Schröder	SPD

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

	Orion Technologies' Wholly Owned Subsidiary Announces Supply Agreement With OTTO Stores in Germany. Business Wire; 8/9/1999
	Red Vienna: Experiment in Working-Class Culture, 1919-1934. Magazine article from: Journal of Social History; 6/22/1993
	Otto Preminger's ex-employee charged with NY theft News Wire article from: AP Worldstream; 2/13/2009

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