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Newfoundland
Newfoundland was probably ‘discovered’ by John Cabot in 1497. Europeans soon exploited its cod fishery. Although Newfoundland was claimed for England in 1583 by Sir Humphrey Gilbert, sovereignty was disputed until 1713, and France retained rights of access to the coasts until 1904. Settlement was discouraged by the harsh environment and by British governments, which regarded the fishery as a source of personnel for the navy. Population reached 50,000 in the 1820s, drawn from the west of England and southern Ireland, the mix creating a rich culture, distinctive speech, and sectarian division. The last native Beothuk died in 1829. An assembly was introduced in 1832 and self-government in 1855. Newfoundlanders rejected union with Canada in 1869. The economy depended on fishing and most Newfoundlanders were poor. Facing bankruptcy, Newfoundland agreed in 1934 to rule by a commission of government appointed by Britain. Military bases in the Second World War brought prosperity and in 1948 Newfoundlanders voted by 52 to 48 per cent to become Canada's tenth province, formally joining in 1949. While population had almost doubled to 586,000 by 1986, Newfoundland relied on Canadian subsidies to survive. In 1992, even survival seemed threatened when international plundering of cod stocks forced the closure of the fishery.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Newfoundland.html JOHN CANNON. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Newfoundland.html |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador/Canada The New Isle An island probably discovered by the Italian‐born John Cabot (c.1450–c.1499) in 1497 while sailing under the English flag. He took possession of the territory in the name of Henry VII (1457–1509), King of England (1485–1509). By 1502 it had become ‘The New Found Land’ to make the English claim legitimate. A world map of 1507 shows it as Terra Nova—Insula Baccalauras ‘New (Found) Land—Island of Codfish’ as discovered by the Portuguese explorer Gaspar Corte‐Real in 1501 and so named because of the abundance of fish in its waters. He had called it Terra Verde ‘Green Land’ although, in fact, it was not Greenland. British sovereignty was recognized by the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. The island gave its name to the Newfoundland, a breed of working dog developed here (see next entry).
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Cite this article
JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Newfoundland." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Newfoundland." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Newfoundland.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Newfoundland." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Newfoundland.html |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland, situated off the eastern coast of Canada and the UK's earliest colony. It was self-governing from 1855 until 1933, when the depression forced its government to step down in favour of British and local commissioners. Its strategic position during the battle of the Atlantic made it a useful home for the Newfoundland Escort Force and for bases granted to the USA under the destroyers-for-bases agreement, while Gander airport was a valuable staging-point for transatlantic flights. Newfoundland remained a crown colony until 1949, when the population voted for confederation with Canada.
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I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-Newfoundland.html I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-Newfoundland.html |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland. Fishermen from the south‐east of Ireland began to travel regularly to the rich fishing grounds off Newfoundland from the second half of the 17th century. In the first decades of the 19th century the long‐standing connections established by seasonal and temporary migration provided the basis for a wave of permanent emigration. An estimated 30,000–35,000 people, drawn overwhelmingly from Waterford and its hinterland, settled in Newfoundland 1800–30, giving its popular culture and spoken English a distinctive flavour.
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Cite this article
"Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-Newfoundland.html "Newfoundland." The Oxford Companion to Irish History. 2007. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O245-Newfoundland.html |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland was probably ‘discovered’ by John Cabot in 1497. Europeans soon exploited its cod fishery. Although Newfoundland was claimed for England in 1583 by Sir Humphrey Gilbert, sovereignty was disputed until 1713, and France retained rights of access to the coasts until 1904. An assembly was introduced in 1832 and self‐government in 1855. Newfoundlanders rejected union with Canada in 1869. Military bases in the Second World War brought prosperity and in 1948 Newfoundlanders voted to become Canada's tenth province.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Newfoundland." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Newfoundland." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Newfoundland.html JOHN CANNON. "Newfoundland." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Newfoundland.html |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland island and province, Canada: see Newfoundland and Labrador , province. |
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Cite this article
"Newfoundland." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Newfoundland." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Newfisl.html "Newfoundland." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Newfisl.html |
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Newfoundland
Newfoundland •unironed, viand
•prebend
•beribboned, riband
•husband • house husband
•unquestioned • escutcheoned
•brigand, ligand
•legend
•fecund, second, split-second
•millisecond • nanosecond
•microsecond • rubicund • jocund
•Langland • garland • parkland
•Cartland, heartland
•headland • Shetland • Lakeland
•mainland
•eland, Leland, Wieland, Zealand, Zeeland
•Greenland • heathland • Cleveland
•Friesland • Queensland • midland
•England • Finland • Maryland
•dryland, highland, island
•Iceland • Holland • dockland
•Scotland
•foreland, Westmorland
•Auckland, Falkland
•Portland • Northland
•lowland, Poland, Roland
•Oakland • Copland • Newfoundland
•woodland • Buckland • upland
•Jutland, Rutland
•Ireland • moorland
•Cumberland, Northumberland
•Sunderland • Switzerland
•Sutherland • Hammond
•almond, Armand
•Edmund, Redmond
•Desmond, Esmond
•Raymond • Grimond • Richmond
•Sigmund • Sigismund • Osmond
•Dortmund • unsummoned
•diamond • gourmand • unopened
•errand, gerund
•reverend • Bertrand • dachshund
•unchastened
•old-fashioned, unimpassioned
•unsanctioned
•aforementioned, undermentioned, unmentioned
•unconditioned • unsweetened
•unenlightened • unleavened
•self-governed • unseasoned
•wizened • thousand
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Cite this article
"Newfoundland." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. 31 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Newfoundland." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Encyclopedia.com. (May 31, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Newfoundland.html "Newfoundland." Oxford Dictionary of Rhymes. 2007. Retrieved May 31, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O233-Newfoundland.html |
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