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Nālandā

A Dictionary of Buddhism | 2004 | | Copyright

Nālandā. One of the greatest Buddhist monastic universities in India, located between Pāṭaliputra and Rājagṛha in present-day Bihar. It is believed to have been founded by King Śakrāditya of Magadha in the 2nd century ce and went on to receive continued royal support from the Gupta and Pāla dynasties. Its enormous size and the quality of its resident teachers attracted students and other visitors from all over the Buddhist world, including the notable Chinese pilgrim monks Hsüan-tsang and I-ching in the 7th century ce who both describe it in their travelogues. Ties were also formed with the nascent Buddhist movement in Tibet, resulting in a number of leading Tibetan monks visiting Nālandā and reciprocal visits to Tibet by Indian Buddhist masters. Nālandā was destroyed in one of the greatest acts of cultural vandalism by Muslim invaders in the 12th century ce—the great library is said to have smouldered for six months afterwards. The site was fully excavated in the 20th century and now attracts many visitors.

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DAMIEN KEOWN. "Nālandā." A Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

DAMIEN KEOWN. "Nālandā." A Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O108-Nland.html

DAMIEN KEOWN. "Nālandā." A Dictionary of Buddhism. 2004. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O108-Nland.html

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Nālandā

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions | 1997 | | Copyright

Nālandā. The site of a ruined Buddhist monastery and stūpa in Bihar, N. India.

The Chinese traveller Hsuan-Tsang described Nālandā during the 7th cent., when it was visited by pilgrims from all over the Buddhist world. Despite being fortified, it was destroyed, probably by Muslim armies, sometime in the late 12th cent.

Nālandā is also a significant holy site for Jains since it is associated with the life of Mahāvīra.

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JOHN BOWKER. "Nālandā." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

JOHN BOWKER. "Nālandā." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Nland.html

JOHN BOWKER. "Nālandā." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Nland.html

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Nalanda

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Nalanda , Buddhist monastic center in what is now Baragaon, Bihar state, E central India. Often referred to as a university, Nalanda was, from the 4th to the 12 cent. AD, the most renowned center of Buddhist learning in India. There are extensive ruins of stupas, monasteries, and temples.

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"Nalanda." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 27 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Nalanda." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 27, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Nalanda.html

"Nalanda." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 27, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Nalanda.html

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