|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries: |
Research categories | Follow us on Twitter |
Research categories
View all topics in the newsView all reference sources at Encyclopedia.com |
|||
Martin Niemoeller
Martin Niemoeller , 1892–1984, German Protestant churchman. He studied theology after distinguishing himself as a submarine commander in World War I. Though at first a supporter of National Socialism, Niemoeller (then a pastor at Berlin-Dahlem) preached courageously against the Hitler regime after it came into power in 1933. He attacked Hitler's creation of the German Evangelical Church and became the leader of the German pastors' emergency league and of the Confessing Church . Briefly arrested in 1937, he was imprisoned again from 1938 until his liberation (1945) by the Allies. After his release Niemoeller became (1947) church president (the equivalent of bishop) of the Evangelical Church in Hesse-Nassau, with his seat at Wiesbaden, and founded (1948) a cooperative council of all German Protestant churches, of which he became president. Among his writings are his autobiography, Vom U-Boot zur Kanzel [From U-boat to pulpit] (1934). |
|
|
Cite this article
"Martin Niemoeller." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Martin Niemoeller." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Niemoell.html "Martin Niemoeller." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Niemoell.html |
|
Niemöller, Martin
Niemöller, Martin (1892–1984),legendary First World War submarine commander who became the symbol of German Protestant opposition to the Nazis. He was ordained in 1924 and became a pastor in Westphalia and then in Berlin. Initially he supported the Nazis, but soon began preaching against their excesses and was arrested in 1937. Though acquitted of ‘malicious attacks against the State’ he spent the next eight years in concentration camps rather than relinquish his convictions. See also Germany, 9 and religion.
Bibliography Davidson, C. , God's Man: The Story of Pastor Niemöller (New York, 1959). |
|
|
Cite this article
I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. " Niemöller, Martin." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. " Niemöller, Martin." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-NiemllerMartin.html I. C. B. DEAR and M. R. D. FOOT. " Niemöller, Martin." The Oxford Companion to World War II. 2001. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O129-NiemllerMartin.html |
|
Niemöller, Martin
Niemöller, Martin (1892–1984). German pastor and Confessing Church leader. He was a submarine commander in the First World War, and later a pastor in Dahlem, a suburb of Berlin. He formed the Pastors' Emergency League to resist the Nazi takeover of church life, and this formed one basis for the Confessing Church. As an outspoken preacher against the regime, Niemöller was arrested by the Gestapo in 1937 and only freed from concentration camps in 1945. Into his 80s he remained an active leader of the Christian peace movement.
|
|
|
Cite this article
JOHN BOWKER. "Niemöller, Martin." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Niemöller, Martin." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-NiemllerMartin.html JOHN BOWKER. "Niemöller, Martin." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-NiemllerMartin.html |
|
Niemöller, Martin
Niemöller, Martin (1892–1984) German Protestant churchman. A U-boat commander in World War I, he became a priest in 1924. In 1933 he founded the Pastors' Emergency League to help combat rising discrimination against Christians of Jewish background. His courageous opposition to the Nazification of the Church led to his confinement in a CONCENTRATION CAMP (1938–45). A pacifist, he became President of the World Council of Churches (1961–68).
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Niemöller, Martin." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Niemöller, Martin." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-NiemllerMartin.html "Niemöller, Martin." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-NiemllerMartin.html |
|
Niemöller, Martin
Niemöller, Martin (1892–1984), German Lutheran pastor. His anti-Nazi activities in 1937 led to his arrest and confinement in a concentration camp. Offered release on certain conditions, he refused, and he became the symbolic figure of Protestant opposition to National Socialism. After the Second World War he took a leading part in the ‘Declaration of Guilt’ at Stuttgart.
|
|
|
Cite this article
E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Niemöller, Martin." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Niemöller, Martin." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-NiemllerMartin.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Niemöller, Martin." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-NiemllerMartin.html |
|
Niemöller, Martin
Niemöller, Martin (1892–1984) German Protestant minister and theologian. He opposed Hitler's creation of a “German Christian Church” and was arrested in 1938 because of his opposition to the Nazi Party. In 1961 he became a President of the World Council of Churches.
|
|
|
Cite this article
"Niemöller, Martin." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Niemöller, Martin." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-NiemllerMartin.html "Niemöller, Martin." World Encyclopedia. 2005. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O142-NiemllerMartin.html |
|
Niemöller, Martin
Niemöller, Martin, see Confessing Church
|
|
|
Cite this article
JAN PALMOWSKI. "Niemöller, Martin." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 28 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JAN PALMOWSKI. "Niemöller, Martin." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 28, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-NiemllerMartin.html JAN PALMOWSKI. "Niemöller, Martin." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved May 28, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-NiemllerMartin.html |
|
Search over 100 encyclopedias and dictionaries:
HighBeam™ Research, Inc. © Copyright 2012. All rights reserved.
The Encyclopedia.com advertising network includes:
