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Manchester School
Manchester School. This provided a convenient label to identify many of the 19th-cent. advocates of laissez-faire and, in particular, free trade. Widespread support for free trade developed amongst the manufacturers of the cotton industry in Lancashire and Cheshire. The intellectual focus for this movement included Richard Cobden and John Bright whose economic philosophies dominated the Liberal Party for much of the period. The initial case for removing mercantilist regulations of trade had been made by Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations (1776). In Lancashire and elsewhere support grew rapidly in the early 19th cent. with the aim of making exports and imports as easy as possible without the restraints of taxation or protective laws, such as Navigation Acts. Associated with the free trade movement was the Manchester Statistical Society, founded to publish research which could advance their cause.
Ian John Ernest Keil |
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JOHN CANNON. "Manchester School." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Manchester School." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-ManchesterSchool.html JOHN CANNON. "Manchester School." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-ManchesterSchool.html |
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Manchester School
Manchester School, the name first applied by Disraeli to the political party, led by Cobden and Bright, who advocated the principles of free trade. It was afterwards extended to the party who supported those leaders on other questions of policy. ‘Manchester policy’ was used derisively to signify a policy of laissez-faire and self-interest. The ‘Manchester School’ of drama refers loosely to the playwrights associated with Miss Horniman's repertory seasons at the Gaiety Theatre, Manchester, 1907–14, including Harold Brighouse (1882–1958), W. S. Houghton, and Allan Monkhouse (1858–1936).
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MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Manchester School." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Manchester School." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O54-ManchesterSchool.html MARGARET DRABBLE and JENNY STRINGER. "Manchester School." The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature. 2003. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O54-ManchesterSchool.html |
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Manchester School
Manchester School A group of economists, businessmen, and politicians who became influential in Britain in the 1840s. Based in Manchester, the centre of the cotton industry, and led by such men as John BRIGHT and Richard COBDEN, the group followed the laissez-faire philosophy of Adam SMITH and David RICARDO. They supported FREE TRADE and political and economic freedom, and opposed any interference by the state in industry and commerce. Their influence faded in the 1860s, when many European countries began to favour state intervention in economic matters.
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"Manchester School." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Manchester School." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-ManchesterSchool.html "Manchester School." A Dictionary of World History. 2000. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O48-ManchesterSchool.html |
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Manchester school
Manchester school group of English political economists of the 19th cent., so called because they met at Manchester. Their most outstanding leaders were Richard Cobden and John Bright . Their chief tenet was that the state should interfere as little as possible in economic matters (see laissez-faire ), and they advocated free trade .
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"Manchester school." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Manchester school." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Manches-sc.html "Manchester school." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Manches-sc.html |
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Manchester School
Manchester School This provided a convenient label to identify many of the 19th‐cent. advocates of laissez‐faire and, in particular, free trade. Widespread support for free trade developed amongst the manufacturers of the cotton industry in Lancashire and Cheshire. The intellectual focus for this movement included Richard Cobden and John Bright. The initial case for removing mercantilist regulations of trade had been made by Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations (1774).
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Manchester School." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Manchester School." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-ManchesterSchool.html JOHN CANNON. "Manchester School." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-ManchesterSchool.html |
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Manchester School
Manchester School. Title given to group of composers—Maxwell Davies, Birtwistle, Goehr, and Ogdon—who studied in Manchester (RMCM and Univ.) under Richard Hall in late 1950s and gave concerts there.
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MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Manchester School." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Manchester School." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Encyclopedia.com. (May 30, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-ManchesterSchool.html MICHAEL KENNEDY and JOYCE BOURNE. "Manchester School." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music. 1996. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O76-ManchesterSchool.html |
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