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Lüshun
Lüshun, Liaoning/China Port Arthur, Ryojun Named Port Arthur in 1860 after a Lieutenant Arthur, a British naval officer, who was a member of a survey team that carried out a reconnaissance of the site in 1857 to see if it was suitable for a naval base. Captured by the Japanese and leased to Japan in 1895, it was quickly returned to China. Two years later the Russians occupied the Liaodong Peninsula and in 1898 began the construction of a naval base at Port Arthur for their Pacific Fleet and a commercial port at Dalny (Dalian) nearby. The fact that the area was ice‐free all year round was particularly appealing to the Russians. Port Arthur was seized by the Japanese in 1904 and was ceded to Japan the next year; it was renamed Ryojun. It was transferred to the Soviet Union at the end of the Second World War, although both China and the Soviet Union were to have joint use of it. In 1954 China assumed complete control. The present name comes from the Chinese lù ‘traveller’ and shùn ‘along’.
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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Lüshun." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Lüshun." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Lshun.html JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Lüshun." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O209-Lshun.html |
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Lüshun
Lüshun , formerly Port Arthur, Jap. Ryojun, former city, SW Liaoning prov., China, at the tip of the Liaodong peninsula. It was formerly combined with Dailian (Dairen) into the joint municipality of Lüda; it now is an adminstrative unit of Dalian. Lüshun is an important naval base dominating the entrance to the Bohai; it is also a southern terminus of the South Liaoning RR. The city was the administrative center of the Liaodong leasehold from 1898 to 1945 (see Liaoning ). As a Russian base (1898-1905), it was the site on Feb. 8, 1904, of the surprise Japanese naval attack that precipitated the Russo-Japanese War. The city passed to Japan by the Treaty of Portsmouth (1905). In 1945 it became the headquarters of the Port Arthur Naval Base District under joint Sino-Soviet administration. China regained exclusive control in 1955. |
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Cite this article
"Lüshun." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 11 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Lüshun." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 11, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Lushun.html "Lüshun." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 11, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Lushun.html |
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