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Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex
Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex (1575–1645). Cranfield, of relatively humble origins, competent and industrious, became lord treasurer under James I. He was a successful Merchant Venturer and when in 1613 he was appointed surveyor-general of the customs, it was a case of poacher turned gamekeeper. In 1614 he became a member of Parliament, and attached himself to the royal favourite, George Villiers, later duke of Buckingham. Under this patronage, Cranfield was appointed to various royal offices, which he performed with great efficiency. In 1621, when he became lord treasurer, he found that reform was needed in ‘every particular’. As James I's expenditures exceeded his income, Cranfield made spending cuts, and courtiers lost their pensions and allowances. This was the beginning, though set-back followed, of ‘Treasury control’. Cranfield soon fell, brought down by Buckingham, his former patron, and the enemies he had made in the king's service. He was impeached, found guilty of maladministration and corruption, deprived of his offices, fined, and briefly imprisoned in the Tower. He was pardoned in 1625, and for the rest of his life lived in retirement.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-CranfieldLinl1strlfMddlsx.html JOHN CANNON. "Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-CranfieldLinl1strlfMddlsx.html |
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Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex
Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex (1575–1645). Cranfield, competent and industrious, became lord treasurer under James I. He was a successful Merchant Venturer and when in 1613 he was appointed surveyor‐general of the customs, it was a case of poacher turned gamekeeper. In 1614 he became a member of Parliament, and attached himself to the royal favourite, George Villiers, later duke of Buckingham. In 1621, when he became lord treasurer, he found that reform was needed in ‘every particular’. Cranfield made spending cuts, and courtiers lost their pensions and allowances. He soon fell, brought down by Buckingham, his former patron. He was impeached, found guilty of corruption, fined, and briefly imprisoned in the Tower. He was pardoned in 1625, and for the rest of his life lived in retirement.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-CranfieldLinl1strlfMddlsx.html JOHN CANNON. "Cranfield, Lionel, 1st earl of Middlesex." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-CranfieldLinl1strlfMddlsx.html |
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