CIS and Baltic Political Geography

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Further reading

Kumayri

Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names | 2005 | | Copyright

Kumayri (Gyumri), Armenia Alexandropol′, Leninakan A very old city probably founded by the Greeks. The Russians built a fortress on the site in 1837 and founded the nearby town of Alexandropol′ ‘Alexandra's Town’, from pol(is), three years later. This was named after Alexandra (1798–1860), the wife of Emperor Nicholas I^†. She was born Princess Charlotte of Prussia and took the name Alexandra when she assumed the Russian Orthodox faith. In 1924 the town was renamed ‘Lenin's Town’ after Vladimir Lenin^† and the Turkic ‐akan ‘town’. The present name, adopted in 1990, may be associated with the Turkish gümrük ‘customs house’ since traders' dues used to be paid here.

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JOHN EVERETT-HEATH. "Kumayri." Concise Dictionary of World Place-Names. 2005. Encyclopedia.com. 26 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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Kumayri

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Kumayri or Gyumri , formerly Leninakan , city (1989 pop. 122,587), in Armenia, near the Turkish border. It has varied light manufactures. The old craft of rug making is practiced. Kumayri is the most important Armenian industrial center after Yerevan . It was founded (1837) as Aleksandropol on the site of the Turkish fortress of Gumri. It was called Leninakan from 1924 to 1990. The city was leveled in a Dec., 1988, earthquake. A Russian military base is there.