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Hospitallers
Hospitallers, also Knights Hospitaller. Their full title, ‘Knights of the Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem’ derives from the dedication to St John the Baptist of the hospital at Jerusalem which was their headquarters in the late-11th cent. After 1310 they were also known as the Knights of Rhodes and from 1530 as the Knights of Malta.
About 1080 a hospice for pilgrims was established in Jerusalem. After the success of the Crusaders in 1099, the Order developed and obtained Papal sanction. Its original concern was the care of the sick poor, but in the 12th cent. it developed a wing of brother knights, probably in imitation of the Templars. They shared both the success and the failures of the Crusaders. After the fall of Acre (1291) they escaped to Cyprus and later conquered Rhodes (1309). They defended Rhodes against the Turks in 1480 but were defeated in 1522. In 1530 they received the island of Malta from Charles V. They took part in the battle of Lepanto in 1571 but declined in the 17th and 18th cents., surrendering Malta to Napoleon in 1798. (In 1998 they were granted a castle on the island.) The Order now devotes itself mainly to the maintenance of hospitals. In England their property was sequestrated in 1540. In the 1820s the French Knights of Malta re-established an English branch on a mainly Anglican basis; it was constituted an order of chivalry in 1888. It was responsible for the foundation of the St John Ambulance Association in 1877 and the St John Ambulance Brigade in 1888. |
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Hospitallers." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Hospitallers." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Hospitallers.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Hospitallers." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-Hospitallers.html |
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Hospitallers
Hospitallers. Originally established at the end of the 11th cent. to care for Jerusalem pilgrims, following the success of the First Crusade the Hospitallers' role expanded, with papal support, to include care of the sick and armed protection of pilgrims. They followed the Augustinian rule, and were divided into three groups, the knights, the infirmarians, and the chaplains. During the 12th cent. the order spread rapidly both in the crusading states and in western Europe. The first English priory was founded c.1144 at Clerkenwell and other smaller preceptories or commanderies followed, administering the order's estates, training its knights, and dispensing hospitality. Following the suppression of the Templars (1312) most of their possessions passed to the Hospitallers, whose headquarters had been transferred to Rhodes in 1309 following the fall of Acre (1291). After the Turkish capture of Rhodes (1522) the order moved to Malta until the island's capture by Napoleon. Its English properties were confiscated in 1540.
Brian Golding |
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Hospitallers." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Hospitallers." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Hospitallers.html JOHN CANNON. "Hospitallers." The Oxford Companion to British History. 2002. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O110-Hospitallers.html |
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Hospitallers
Hospitallers Originally established at the end of the 11th cent. to care for Jerusalem pilgrims, following the success of the First Crusade the Hospitallers' role expanded, with papal support, to include care of the sick and protection of pilgrims. During the 12th cent. the order spread rapidly both in the crusading states and in western Europe. The first English priory was founded c. 1144 at Clerkenwell. The order's English properties were confiscated in 1540.
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Cite this article
JOHN CANNON. "Hospitallers." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN CANNON. "Hospitallers." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Hospitallers.html JOHN CANNON. "Hospitallers." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O43-Hospitallers.html |
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Knights of Malta
Knights of Malta and Knights of Rhodes: see Knights Hospitalers . |
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Cite this article
"Knights of Malta." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Knights of Malta." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-KnightsM.html "Knights of Malta." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-KnightsM.html |
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Knights of Malta
Knights of Malta see Knights Hospitalers . |
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Cite this article
"Knights of Malta." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. "Knights of Malta." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Malta-Kn.html "Knights of Malta." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2008. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-X-Malta-Kn.html |
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Hospitallers
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Cite this article
JOHN BOWKER. "Hospitallers." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Hospitallers." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Hospitallers.html JOHN BOWKER. "Hospitallers." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-Hospitallers.html |
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Malta, Knights of
Malta, Knights of. See HOSPITALLERS.
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E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Malta, Knights of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Malta, Knights of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-MaltaKnightsof.html E. A. LIVINGSTONE. "Malta, Knights of." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church. 2000. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O95-MaltaKnightsof.html |
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Knights of Malta
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Cite this article
JOHN BOWKER. "Knights of Malta." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. 10 Feb. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>. JOHN BOWKER. "Knights of Malta." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Encyclopedia.com. (February 10, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-KnightsofMalta.html JOHN BOWKER. "Knights of Malta." The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions. 1997. Retrieved February 10, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O101-KnightsofMalta.html |
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