American Literature: Biographies

The Oxford Companion to American Literature The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Further reading

Wiggin, Kate Douglas

The Oxford Companion to American Literature | 1995 | | Copyright

Wiggin, Kate Douglas (1856–1923), born in Philadelphia, studied under Emma Marwedel, and moved to San Francisco to conduct one of the first kindergartens in the U.S. (1878–84). She wrote novels for adults, and an autobiography, My Garden of Memory (1923), but is best known as a successful author of children's books. The most famous of these are The Birds' Christmas Carol (1887), telling of the life and death of an ethereal child, Carol Bird; Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1903), about a lovable, precocious little girl; and Mother Carey's Chickens (1911), dramatized with Rachel Crothers (1917), the story of a kindly widow and her many children.

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James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Wiggin, Kate Douglas." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. 1995. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Wiggin, Kate Douglas." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. 1995. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O123-WigginKateDouglas.html

James D. Hart and and Phillip W. Leininger. "Wiggin, Kate Douglas." The Oxford Companion to American Literature. 1995. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O123-WigginKateDouglas.html

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Kate Douglas (Smith) Wiggin

The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed. | 2011 | Copyright

Kate Douglas (Smith) Wiggin 1856–1923, American author and educator, b. Philadelphia. In San Francisco she organized the first free kindergartens on the Pacific coast (1878) and with her sister established a training school for kindergarten teachers. As part of her teaching career she wrote her first book, The Story of Patsy (1883). The most popular among her many later works for children were The Birds' Christmas Carol (1887), Timothy's Quest (1890), Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1903), and Mother Carey's Chickens (1911).

Bibliography: See her autobiography, My Garden of Memory (1923); biography by her sister, Nora A. Smith (1925).

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"Kate Douglas (Smith) Wiggin." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. 1 Jun. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

"Kate Douglas (Smith) Wiggin." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Encyclopedia.com. (June 1, 2012). http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Wiggin-K.html

"Kate Douglas (Smith) Wiggin." The Columbia Encyclopedia, 6th ed.. 2011. Retrieved June 01, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1E1-Wiggin-K.html

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Free newspaper and magazine articles

The Maine Women Writers Collection at the University of New England.
Magazine article from: Feminist Collections: A Quarterly of Women's Studies Resources; 1/1/2010